This document is a 1.5 page short summary of Birmingham and how flows have influenced the place over time. There is an introduction to Birmingham, then a timeline of events, divided into Preindustrial revolution, Post war, and recent.
Birmingham case study
Introduction
-the UK’s second largest city
-example of economic structural change
-a city in the West Midlands, England
Preindustrial revolution
1166: The de ’Birmingham family purchased a royal charter so they could have a market and
sell things. Birmingham began to grow due to this trade.
1563: Camden reported the town was ‘swarming with inhabitants.’
The industrial revolution
1700’s: population had grown to 15,000 with many migrating from rural areas in search of
employment. Different housing areas began to grow based on economic status. Middle class
increased as law and banking developed, the multiplier effect.
1761: Boulton established first factory called ‘Soho Manufacturing’ which employeed 700
1800’s: The Cadbury factory set up the Bourneville factory and a model village.
1838: West Midlands Railway created the London to Birmingham railway opening in 1838.
1900’s: The Austin car plant opened in 1906. From this, the Dunlop tyre company
established a large factory employing 10,000 by 1950.
1900’s: terrace housing was built for workers so they could live near their work. Transport
innovation was rapid with introduction of cars, trams, buses, etc, this alongside factories
meant air pollution reached high levels.
Post war Birmingham
1950’s: Birmingham had 400 tower blocks built, and 110,000 sub-standard houses. The
government were responsible for the green belt around city to restrict outer expansion
1970-1983: wages fell from being highest in UK to almost the lowest. Unemployment
reached 19.4%.
1970’s: Birmingham caught up in global recession, traditional industries suffered as couldn’t
compete with overseas competition. Strikes were frequent.
1979-2000: employment changed from the secondary sector (manufacturing) to the tertiary
sector (services like business and finance)
2011: only 53.1% of the population was White British, so a very diverse population
Recent regeneration
-expansions of the adjoining Birmingham international airport
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller joelinsky. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £3.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
