Lecture notes
Pharmacology
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Lecture Notes No. 4Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics
Part 1
Pharmacology
, Pharmacology
Study of drugs: structure, physical properties, chemical characteristics relevant to its activity as therapeutic agent
Drugs
any substance that causes a physiological change
agents for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases
Biotechnology
production of substances by genetic engineering
ex. production of antibiotics
Pharmaceutics
“What the pharmacist does to the drug”
preparation of dosage forms
Pharmacokinetics
“What the body does to the drug”
absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion of drugs
Pharmacodynamics
“What the drug does to the body”
biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and MOA
, Nervous System
CNS PNS
Efferent Afferent
(motor) (sensory)
ANS SNS
Sympathetic Parasympathetic Enteric
Auerbach
Meissner's
SYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC
, α1 Apocrine Secretion Secretions M1
Genitals (M) Ejaculation Erection
Vessels Constrict
Pilomotor Contract
Prostate Contract
Sphincter Relax (close) Constrict (open) M3
Eyes
Radial muscle Contract (mydriasis) ------------------------------------
Circular muscle ------------------------- Contraction (miosis)
Ciliary muscle Relax (cycloplegia) Contract (accommodation)
α2 Regulates α1 (-) Lipolysis
Regulates NE release
β1 Heart (+) chrono/inotropy (-) chrono/inotropy M2
Kidney Renin release
β2 Bronchioles Dilate Constrict M3
Uterus Relax
Sugar Inc blood sugar
Skin Vasodilation Stimulation (ganglia) NN
Skeletal muscle Tremor Contraction (skeletal muscle) NM
β3 Lipocytes (+) Lipolysis
D1 Kidney Vasodilation
Inc urine output
ADRENERGICS/SYMPATHOMIMETICS
DIRECT ACTING
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