Lecture notes
Biology of disease first year
- Module
- Biology of disease
- Institution
- University Of Wolverhampton
Medical sciences year 1, biology of disease module. Multiple body systems such as respiratory and renal system.
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Brief introduction to Anatomy:Ancient Greeks believed illness was caused by EVIL SPIRITS.
- Proposed Monoism (mind and body working together as part of one unit)
- Hippocrates and Plato suggested dualism which is the abstract mind and the physical
body as two separate entities.
Human dissection was forbidden so ancient romans developed knowledge through
treating gladiators and animals
Galen (2nd century) developed Hippocrates’s theories disease can occur in specific parts
of the body.
Many Muslim scholars contributed to Anatomical knowledge such as Ibn al Sina, Ibn Al-Nafis
and Muhammad Al Razi (smallpox and Chickenpox)
1000-1300’s IN EUROPE: Medical school medical knowledge from Arab and Muslim scholars.
Human dissections used here
1300 ONWARDS: Contributions from people like Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo
Andreas Vesalius – Father of Anatomy
ANATOMY: is all about STRUCTURE
Macroscopic Anatomy: large and seen without a microscope Brain
Microscopic Anatomy: small and seen WITH a microscope
- CYTOLOGY: cells neuron cells
- HISTOLOGY: tissues
Approaches to Anatomy
1. Regional anatomy: the head skull, head, vessels- cardiovascular, brain
nervous…
2. Systemic Anatomy: looking at one system at a time
Integumentary system:
- Encloses internal body structures
- Site of sensory receptors
- vitamin D
e.g. hair, skin, nails
Skeletal system:
- Supports the body
- Enables movement
- Produces blood cells
- Protection (ribcage, skull)
, Muscular:
- Enables movement
- Maintains body temperature
Nervous:
- Detects and processes sensory information
- Activates bodily responses
Endocrine:
- Secrete hormones
- Regulate bodily processes
Cardiovascular:
- Delivers oxygen and nutrients
- Equalizes temperature
Lymphatic:
- Returns fluid to the blood
- Defends against pathogens
Respiratory:
- Breathing and exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen
Digestive:
- Processes food
- Removes waste
Urinary:
- Controls water balance
Male + Female reproductive system
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