This reading details defensible space principles, such as the structure or layout of communities that helps residents control the area around their homes and helps people preserve their lifestyle and values. It talks about how low income areas have higher levels of crime in relation to building typ...
Newman – Defensible Space Principles
The concept
- All defensible space programs have the common purpose of restructuring the
physical layout of communities to allow residents to control the areas around their
homes.
- Helps people preserve those areas in which they can realize their commonly held
values and lifestyles.
- Relies on self-help rather than on government intervention – not vulnerable to
governments withdrawal of support
- Resident involvement to reduce crime and remove the presence of criminals.
- Brings people of different incomes and race together in a mutually beneficial union.
- For low-income people, Defensible Space can provide an introduction to the benefits
of main-stream life and an opportunity to see how their own actions can better the
world around them.
Evolution of the concept: Pruitt-Igoe and Carr Square Village
- Newly constructed 2,740 unit public housing Pruitt-Igoe
- A river of trees – each building given communal corridors on every 3 rd floor to house
a laundry, communal room and a garbage room that had a garbage chute
- Single-parent welfare families, the design proved a disaster
- Never achieved more than 60% occupancy – unsafe area covered with garbage and
human waste
- Older smaller row-house complex – Carr Square Village – fully occupied and trouble-
free throughout construction
- Landings shared by only 2 families were well-maintained, whereas corridors shared
by 20 families were a disaster, no feelings of identity or control.
- Low-income – more crime, less funds for 9-5 nonresident maintance men
The effect of housing form on residents ability to control areas
- Dwelling unit: interior of an apartment unit or home
- 3 categories for buildings: single-family houses, walk-ups and highrises
- Single-family homes come in 3 basic types: detached houses, semi-detached houses
and row houses – in each type the common trait is the private domain of 1 family
Summary of the effect of building type on behaviour
- The larger the number of people who share a territory, the less each individual feels
right to it
- Easy for an informal understanding to be reached among the families as to what
constitutes acceptable usage
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