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IB Biology Worksheets Genes, mutations & Alleles
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- Biology
- Institution
- Bangor University (BU)
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3. Genetics – 3.1 Genes Name:Understandings, Applications and Skills (This is what you maybe assessed on)
Statement Guidance
3.1.U1 A gene is a heritable factor that consists of a length of DNA and
influences a specific characteristic.
3.1.U2 A gene occupies a specific position on a chromosome.
3.1.U3 The various specific forms of a gene are alleles.
3.1.U4 Alleles differ from each other by one or only a few bases.
3.1.U5 New alleles are formed by mutation. Deletions, insertions and frame shift mutations
do not need to be included.
3.1.U6 The genome is the whole of the genetic information of an
organism.
3.1.U7 The entire base sequence of human genes was sequenced in the
Human Genome Project.
3.1.A1 The causes of sickle cell anemia, including a base substitution Students should be able to recall one specific
mutation, a change to the base sequence of mRNA transcribed base substitution that causes glutamic acid to
from it and a change to the sequence of a polypeptide in be substituted by valine as the sixth amino acid
hemoglobin. in the hemoglobin polypeptide.
3.1.A2 Comparison of the number of genes in humans with other The number of genes in a species should not be
species. referred to as genome size as this term is used
for the total amount of DNA. At least one plant
and one bacterium should be included in the
comparison and at least one species with more
genes and one with fewer genes than a human.
3.1.S1 Use of a database to determine differences in the base The Genbank® database can be used to search
sequence of a gene in two species. for DNA base sequences. The cytochrome C
gene sequence is available for many different
organisms and is of particular interest because
of its use in reclassifying organisms into three
domains.
Recommended resources:http://bioknowledgy.weebly.com/31-genes.html
Allott, Andrew. Biology: Course Companion. S.l.: Oxford UP, 2014. Print.
Paine, Chris. Topic 3.1 Skeleton Notes http://bioknowledgy.weebly.com/
Allott, Andrew. Biology: Course Companion. S.l.: Oxford UP, 2014. Print.
Taylor, Stephen. " Essential Biology 4.1 Chromosomes, Genes, Alleles, Mutations.docx." Web. 16 Jul. 2015. <
http://www.slideshare.net/gurustip/essential-biology-041-chromosomes-genes-alleles-mutations>.
http://bioknowledgy.weebly.com/ (Chris Paine)
Modified By: iheartbio.ca (Christina Reis)
, 3.1.U1 A gene is a heritable factor that consists of a length of DNA and influences a specific characteristic. AND 3.1.U2
A gene occupies a specific position on a chromosome. AND 3.1.U3 The various specific forms of a gene are alleles.
AND 3.1.U4 Alleles differ from each other by one or only a few bases.
1. State definitions of the following:
a. Chromosome: made up of D____________ & p__________________. Contains g______________
b. Gene: is a h__________________ f_______________ that c________________ or influences a specific
c___________________, consisting of a l_______________ of DNA occupying a particular
p________________ on a c____________________(locus)
c. Allele: d________________ f_______________ of a specific gene
d. Gene locus: specific p____________________ of a gene on a chromosome.
Note: All individuals of a species carry the same g________ at the same l________ on the same chromosome.
REVIEW
2. State the components of a chromosome.
3. State the number of chromosomes present in a single human diploid cell.
3.1.U4 Alleles differ from each other by one or only a few bases.
● Alleles of a gene are found at the s__________ l_______________, but have a different DNA
b______________ s__________________.
● The sequence tends to be very s__________________, differing only by a few b_______________.
● positions in a gene where more than one base may be present are called s__________________
p_______________________ (SNP) → “snips”
http://bioknowledgy.weebly.com/ (Chris Paine)
Modified By: iheartbio.ca (Christina Reis)
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