All the coursework pieces with case examples and a clear structure for all the 'Pass' work pieces. My work includes the cases that I was given by my teacher, but you can take it out and put your own in. All completed to a very high standard and passed all tasks.
Race Relations Act 1965 and the Pre- Legislative Stages
The Race Relations act of 1965 was an act passed through Parliament and reached the last stage of
Royal Assent on the 8th of November of 1965. This act had to go through a 6- stage process in the
houses of Parliament in order to be passed as a legal act. The principle of Parliamentary sovereignty
allows the Parliament to have the highest legal authority to create and abolish any act that has
previously been passed. This is practiced through the rule that no other court can overrule or abolish
any act that the House of Parliament has passed. Any bills and laws that have been passed through
parliament creates the UK constitution which citizens have to abide by. Ideas for new laws must go
through pre- legislative stages are called the green paper stage and the white paper stage. The green
paper stage includes a report about the ideas for the new law and what it entails. After the important
notes and consultations for the bill has been through the green paper stage, the paper must then be
drafted into a new document called the white paper stage where a firm version of this plan will be
published in order to present in Parliament. After this, a draft bill may be created, which is an official bill
before it can be allocated to the legislative stages.
Types of Bills
There are several different types of bills that can be created. The categories are public bills, private
member bills, private bills, hybrid bills or money bills. A public bill is a legislation that will most likely
apply to every citizen in the country, which is put forth by the government. A private members bill is
often based around problems that relate to morality and will be introduced by an individual MP. An
example of a private member’s bill that is currently being processed is the Asylum Seekers (permission
to work) which will last from 2019 – 2021 and has been put forth by a Scottish MP named Carol
Monaghan. A private bill does not apply to the public but rather an organisation or institution to allocate
certain privileges to themselves or to alter a company’s policies. A hybrid bill covers elements from both
a public bill and a private bill and concerns the public more likely than affects moral issues. A money bill
will be most likely created in accordance with the government’s budget and will affect how money is
allocated and the process does not have to be approved by the House of Lords and can be passed
directly to Royal Assent.
Legislative Stages
After a bill has been created, it is imperative that it goes through a parliamentary procedure that
ensures the validity of the bill. The process will allow the House of Lords and the House of Commons to
review the bill thoroughly before it is created into a legal act to be implemented. This is an important
process due to the fact that the bill will most likely affect the general public and affect a lot of people,
therefore it is crucial that it is looked through comprehensively. The first stage is the first reading which
is a formality that must be completed. This entailed an official of the bill to be read in parliament. The
second section is the second reading where a debate will take place to discuss the bill’s positive and
negative elements and whether it will be a suitable to implement onto the public. The third section is
the committee stage in which a group of MPs will be chosen to meticulously criticise each line of the bill
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