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Summary WJEC Biology for AS Level, BY2 - Biodiversity and physiology of Body Systems £5.49   Add to cart
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Summary WJEC Biology for AS Level, BY2 - Biodiversity and physiology of Body Systems
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Very concise notes, good for memorisation and active recall. Clear handwriting with colourful diagrams. I got an A in AS Level Biology, so i hope it helps.

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  • Yes
  • October 3, 2021
  • 15
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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( 2.1
Classification and
Biodiversity
Phylogenetic reflecting evolutionary relatedness
:
.




Phylogenetic tree :




animals
bacteria
archaea plaints
en

fungi
common ancestor
①

0
Last Universal
Common Ancestor ( LUCA )


vertebrate invertebrate
-




\ arthropod
mammal Reptile Bird fish I
-
- -




\ I Parrot I insect

\
.




Boa constrictor Goldfish /
stick insect
IT
'/ T
.




Gerbil Guinea
pig
cat boy

Hierarchy : a
system of ranking in which small
groups
are nested components
of larger groups
Taxon :
any group
within a
system of classification . →
doesnt overlap
Taxon Example
Domain
Eukaryote Homo
Animal sapiens
Kingdom
•
so




Phylum Chordate Domain .




Mammals Eubactevia ( prokaryotes cell walls with
Class 1
peptidoglycan )
-


.




without
Order Primates 2 . Archae (
prokaryotes - cell walls
peptidoglycan )
Family Hominidae 3 .




Eukaryote
Genus
Kingdom
Homo

Animal



µ
1.
species "
Pie " '




z .
Plants
Iukaryote
3 .
Fungi
4 .
Protoctista

5 .

Prokaryotes 1- Eubacteria 4 Archaea

, Why we need a
classification system ?
-




infer evolutionary relationships
'




predict characteristics

.

easier
for communication



Relatedness of organisms
1 .




Homologous structure leads to a

divergent evolution

-


structures
of species with common ancestors evolve into similar anatomical
positions but different functions
e -




g .


pentadactyl
2.
Analogous structure leads to a

convergent
evolution

structures of unrelated species which evolves to develop similar
features
-




e.
y wings
.


of butterfly eagle and but , .




Evidence
-




DNA
sequence
-




.

DNA hybridisation
'


Amino acid sequence
Immunology
-




Thespecieswncept
characteristics
Morphological physical
.
:




.




Reproductive
:
interbreed to make
fertile offspring

e
The binomial
- system
Taxonomy
Homo sapiens
④ Unambiguous
④ Latin
④ Able to related
show
species that are

closely

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