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Anatomy and physiology for sport: Skeletal System
LO1 Know the structure and function of the skeleton
Content and assessment criteria
Structure:
• Bone structure
• Axial and appendicular skeleton
• Types of bone
• Structure of a long bone
• Location of major bones
Functions:
• Support; protection; attachment; movement; cell production (red blood cells); storage
(minerals).
Types of joints:
• Synarthrosis (fixed, fibrous)
• Amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable, cartilaginous)
• Diarthrosis (freely moveable, synovial); characteristics and movements
Types of synovial joint
Joint movements
The skeleton
What do you know about the skeleton?
• The framework that gives the body structure
• 206 bones
• Bones connect to form joints
• Ligaments connect bone to bone
• Cartilage covers the end of the bones
• Tendons attach muscle to bone
Functions of the skeleton
• Support - a bony support framework
• Attachment - muscles, tendons and ligaments.
• Movement - bones act as levers and muscles pull on bones
• Production - red and white blood cells
, • Protection – different structures protect vital organs
• Storage - minerals, e.g. calcium
Activity: What do you remember?
Name the skeletal structures that protect the following:
• Brain
• Spinal cord
• Reproductive organs
• Heart and lungs
The skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
• Pelvic girdle (Ilium, ischium, pubis)
• Shoulder girdle
• Bones of the arm and legs
Axial skeleton
• Skull
• Spine
• Ribcage
Activity
Label and locate the major bones of the body.
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