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Samenvatting Bijnieren/Eilandjes van Langerhans

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Informatie over de bijnieren/eilandjes van Langerhans

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  • October 31, 2021
  • 4
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary
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Anatomie pathologie
De bijnieren/Eilandjes van Langerhans

Bijnieren:
 = suprarenales klieren
 Driehoekige kapjes van beide nieren
 Bestaat uit:
- Bijnierschors (schors buitenkant)produceert steroïdhormonen
- Bijniermerg (in het midden) produceert twee hormonen
- Adrenaline•Noradrenaline




Bijnierschors:
 1-2 mm. Dik
 3 lagen:
- Buitenste laag: produceert mineralocorticoïden (hormonen met effect op
zouthuishouding)
- Middelste laag: produceert glucocorticoïden (hormonen met effect op
stofwisseling van glucose en eiwitten)
- Binnenste laag: produceert hormonen met geslachtshormooneffect

Mineralocorticoïden:
 De belangrijkste mineralocorticoïd is de aldosteron
 Stimuleert het transpoort van natrium (zout) naar het bloed toe en de
verplaatsing van kalium naar de urine in de nieren

Hormonen met een geslachtshormooneffect
 Aanmaak gestimuleerd door ACTH (hypofyse)
 Drie groepen:
- Androgenen: hormonen die werken als testosteron
- Hormonen die werken als oestrogeen (vrouwelijke geslachtshormoon)
- Hormonen die werken als progesteron (vrouwelijke geslachtshormoon)

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