This document contains everything that had happened between in civil rights America. The events include The Greensboro Sit-in, The Freedom Riders, Campaign C, the formation of Black Power and The Civil Rights Act. Each section states what caused it, its significance and its limitations. This is th...
The Greensboro Sit in – 1960 The Freedom rides – 1961 Campaign C begins in Birmingham – Black power is formed – 1963 The Civil Rights Act - 1964
What caused it? What caused it? 1963 What caused it? What caused it?
-Segregation at restaurants, The Supreme Court had desegregated What caused it? -Black protesters began to believe that -The protests in the 1960s.
cafes and lunch counters state transport in 1956 after the Birmingham, Alabama was nicknamed the progress in the Civil Rights -Kennedy’s assassination. Kennedy ha
across the South but Montgomery bus boycott. But a Bombingham due to the anti-black movement was slowing. introduced the law and it passed afte
particularly in Greensboro. number of CORE activists wanted to violence - was known to be one of the Their beliefs: his death. Many believe it was helped
What happened? test that desegregation had actually most racist places in America. The -Encouraging black people to be proud the government wanted to honour
-1 February: four black taken place. thought was if Birmingham could be of their heritage. Kennedy’s legacy.
students, Blair, McCann, What happened? desegregated anywhere could. -Rejecting white help. Reasons it was significance.
McNeil and Richmond, -4 May: 7 black and 6 white ‘Freedom What happened? -Against integration. -Banned discrimination in voter
refused to leave the lunch riders’ left Washington DC. The news -Protesters created operation C -Happy to use violence. registration tests.
counter in a Woolworths of them leaving sparked white protest (confrontation). Plan was to peacefully What happened? -Banned discrimination in public spac
store after the waitress from WCCs and the KKK in the states protest and encourage the police and -After 1965 Voting Rights Act Stockley and businesses with offices in more t
refused to serve them in the they were planning to ride through. population into violence. The media Carmichael created his own political one state.
white area. -15 May: The Anniston bomb. 100 KKK would then publicise what was going on party as many black Americans said -Banned job discrimination.
-2 February: 25 students sat members held the bus doors shut, and the protesters would gain more there was no party to vote for. -Gave the government power to forc
at the lunch counter in shifts. slashed the tires and set the bomb on support. -Carmichael created the Lowndes school desegregation.
-4 February: over 300 fire. The freedom riders escaped when -2 April, the protesters began sit ins, County Freedom Organisation. Its -Gave the government the right to
students were sitting in shifts. the fuel tank blew up and the KKK had mass meetings, peaceful marches and emblem was a black panther. remove federal funding from state
-Within weeks sit ins were to release the door. Riders were the boycott of shops. -In May 1966 Carmichael became the projects that discriminated.
spreading across the south beaten up by the KKK and -Between 2 April and 1 May, Eugene Bull leader of SNCC. He had believed in Limitations of significance.
and making national news Birmingham’s police chief Eugene Connor, the police chief, used water nonviolent action but had changed as -Difficult to enforce these laws in the
with thousands of students ‘Bull’ Connor did nothing to stop the cannons, police dogs and arrested many he believed peaceful protest had South.
taking part. KKK. of the protesters. So many were achieved all that it could. -There was nothing to impose fair vo
-15 April: CORE and SCLC sent -16 May – 24 May: The freedom riders arrested that the prisons became full. Reasons it was significance. registration.
people to train the students in continued their ride and were -2 May, 6000 protesters marched A growing number of dissatisfied black -Many black people in the south fear
nonviolent protest tactics, so harassed and beaten up along the peacefully in Birmingham. Some of the Americans in the North and in the talking about unfair tests.
they were ready for the abuse route. A large police escort took the protesters were as young as 6. Ghettos joined the movement.
at the counters riders from Montgomery to Protesters of all ages were arrested and It focussed on local issues rather than
Reasons it was significance. Jacksonville. In Jacksonville the prisons were filled. national issues and with this focus was
-Different Civil Rights groups freedom riders tried to use segregated Reasons it was significance. able to help many poor black
worked together. facilities and were arrested. The -President Kennedy intervened forcing Americans who were struggling.
-Some white southerners federal government did not stop the the desegregation of Birmingham. Limitations of significance.
joined the protest. arrests. -The media publicised violence the The media was less favourable to the
-The media broadcast the sit Reasons it was significance. peaceful protesters faced and this black power movement and therefore
ins across America and -1 November the federal government embarrassed Americans worldwide. (The it exerted less pressure on government
highlighted the brutality of said federal officers would enforce USA were trying to prove they were to force change on national issues.
white racists and the police desegregation if states did not obey. superior in the Cold War and stories like It lost the support of white people as
towards the peaceful -The Freedom riders had shown white this made them look worse than the the black power movement held the
protesters. This led to and black protesters could work USSR). belief black people should rely on
favourable media coverage. together peacefully and had -Encouraged the 1964 Civil Rights Act. themselves.
-Lunch counters had to favourable media coverage as the Limitations of significance.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Ahatem. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £6.69. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
