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Summary Introduction to plant biotechnology
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- University Of Leeds (UoL)
Detailed notes on plant biotechnology
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BLGY1211 Introduction to plant biotechnology Net increase in human population in 1 minute is 150 people; need to cloth, feed and
house people
Selective breeding is long established
From wolf to pedigree (King Charles spaniels);
Heart mitral valve disease (MVD) is a terminal illness which affects over half
of all cavalier King Charles spaniels by the age of 5 years and nearly all
Cavaliers by age 10 years CKCSs’ leading cause of death
Syringomyelia is a disorder of the brain and spinal cord which may cause
severe head and neck pain and possible paralysis
Patellar luxation refers to a slipped kneecap
CKCSs are predisposed hip dysplasia
Brachycephalic airway obstruction syndrome (BAOS) is an inherited condition
CKCSs appear predisposed to develop strokes
The retina is the smooth surface that rounds the interior of the eye in
retinal dysplasia the retina is wrinkled or folded CKCSs suffer the condition
If you do breeding you have no idea what you are going to get as you are only
breeding for certain traits
Most vegetables were white but in the Victorian era there was a passion for
displaying vegetables so they bred the coloured vegetables by classic breeding
There are no seeds in bananas so we use tissue culture therefore most bananas are
genetically identical cutting taken then put in plant growth medium then are
potted they are the most popular fruit
International Atomic Energy Agency involved by bombarding parents with radiation
you’ll get lots of random mutation and will see the new phenotypes in the offspring
so can see any better ones and then these can be cultured for future
Green Revolution Introduction
Norman Borlaug was 15 years old when the Great Depression hit in 1929
He empathized with the hungry people particularly when he got to college in
Minneapolis people hundreds, yes I’m sure thousands, asking for a nickel to buy
bread. That’s what I think made me go into international agriculture
Borlaug received his Ph.D. in plant pathology and genetics from the University of
Minnesota in 1942
He developed semi-dwarf (so it doesn’t get blown over and lots of energy used on
stem/hay), high-yield, disease-resistant wheat varieties
He led the introduction of these high-yielding varieties, combined with modern
agricultural production techniques to Mexico, Pakistan and India;
Mexico became a net exporter of wheat by 1963
Between 1965 and 1970 wheat yields nearly doubled in Pakistan and India
greatly improving the food security
Won the Nobel peace prize (1970), the presidential medal of freedom and the
congressional gold medal he was also a recipient of the Padma Vibhushan, India’s
second highest civilian honor
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