Essay

Unit 12 - Learning aim C: Understand how infectious diseases can be treated and managed

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Module
Unit 12 - Diseases and Infections

Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)

This assignment contains: Pass: Describe the method available to treat a type of infectious disease. Merit: Analyse different treatment methods to combat disease process. Distinction: Evaluate why treatments may not always be accessible, or appropriate, for particular individuals. ...

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Uploaded on March 24, 2022
Number of pages 16
Written in 2021/2022
Type Essay
Professor(s) Unknown
Grade A+

unit 12
unit 12 assignement 3
unit 12 learning aim c
learning aim c understand how infectious diseases can be treated and managed
btec level 3 applied science

kan6928484 Member since 4 year 422 documents sold

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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Uniti12:iDiseasesiandiInfection

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Accessor:iAlmaiPupla

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Date:iMarchi24,i2021.

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii TreatmentiofiInfectiousiDiseases

Recognisediasiaiconditionithatiareiincitedibyinumerousimicroorganismsisituatediiniouribodie
s,iInfectiousiDiseasesicanibeibroughtiaboutibyiprotistsiandiparasites.iWhileitheyiareipredomi
nantlyiinnocuousiandibeneficial,iunderiparticulariconditionsibringiariseitoimoderateiorisever
eiillnesses.iIdentifiediasiaidisorderithatiaffectsianiindividual’simentalioriphysicaliwell-
beingibyitheiWorldiHealthiOrganisationi(WHO),iaidiseaseifunctionsitoiimpairiorialteritheinorm
alifunctioniofitheihumanibody.

Establishediasiaisubmicroscopiciorganism,iaipathogenioperatesitoiinfectiaihost,isubsequentl
yicausingiillnessiandinegativelyiaffectingitheianatomyiofilivingibeings,iforiinstanceihumans.iT
heimosticommonlyirecognisedimicrobesithatiwillibeidiscussediconsistiofiaibacteriumiandiaipa
rasite.

Tuberculosis
CausedibyiMycobacteriumiTuberculosis,iTBiisiaibacterialiinfectionithatiaffectsitheilun
gsiwhenianiindividualiintakesismallidropletifromitheicoughsiorisneezesiofianiinfectedip
erson.iItiisiveryicontagiousiandimostilikelyitoibeispreadiafteripersistentiexposure.

WhenidiagnosingitheipatientiwithiTuberculosis,imedicaliprofessionalsihaveitoidisting
uishibetweenitwoitypes:

i. ActiveiTuberculosis
Theiperiodibetweeniexposureitoianiinfectionianditheiappearanceiofitheifirstisy
mptomsicanirangeifromitheifirstifewiweeksitoiaiyear.iPeopleiwithiActiveiTBiarei
diagnosediifitheiriimmuneisystemifailsitoifightiagainstiandicontainitheiinfectio
n.iTheibacteriumiwillitravelitoiotheribodyipartsiviaitheibloodistream,iandisympt
omsiwillibeginitoishowithemselves.

ii. LatentiTuberculosis
Ifitheipatient’siimmuneisystemiinhibitsitheispreadiofituberculosisitoitheirestiofi
theibody,iandidoesn’tinotidisplayianyisymptoms,itheiinfectioniisisaiditoibeilate
nt.iHowever,iLatentiTuberculosisicanidevelopiintoiActiveiTuberculosis.i

Symptomsitoibeiawareioficonsistiof:

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, i. Chills
ii. WeightiLoss
iii. LossiofiAppetite
iv. HightiTemperature
v. SwellingiofitheiNeck
vi. TirednessiandiFatigue
vii. Aipersistenticoughiaccompaniediwithiblood/phlegm

Ifileftiuntreated,iTBicanicauseicertainicomplicationsisuchias:

a. Liver/kidneyiProblems
Onceitheibacteriumientersitheibloodistreamiandispreads,iiticaniimpairitheifunc
tionsiofitheseiorgans.i

b. HeartiDisorders
TBicanileaditoitheiinflammationiandiaibuild-
upiofifluidsiinitheitissuesisurroundingitheiheart.iThisiwillireduceitheieffectivene
ssiofitheiheartsipumpiandimayileaditoicardiaciissues.i

c. DamageitoitheiJoints
TBicanicauseiTuberculosisiArthritisiwhichieffectsitheikneesiandihips.

d. Meningitis
Alsoiknowniasitheiswellingiofitheibrainimembranes,iiticanicauseiheadaches.

e. SpinaliPain
Theidiagnosedimayiexperienceipainiinitheiback,iaccompaniediwithistiffness.

Toipreventitheseicomplicationsifromioccurring,iitiisirecommendedithatitheidiagnosed
:
a. Vaccinate
Doctorsiwilliadministeriaivaccine,iBacillusiCalmetteGuerini(BCG)itoichildren,ib
abiesiandiadultsibelowitheiageiofi35.iTheivaccineihelpsibuildiimmunityitoitheib
acterialiinfection.i

b. WeariAiMask
Itiisiimportantithatitheidiagnosediaidiinipreventingitheispreadiofitheidisease,ia
ndithereforeishouldicoveritheirimouth.i

c. StayiatiHome

2|Page

, Theidiagnosedishouldiavoidipubliciplacesiandipeopleiiniorderitoipreventichanc
esioficontamination.i

Replication/LifeiCycleiofiTBi(Bacteria)
Throughiaimethodiofiasexualireproductionithatientailsitheidivisioniofiaisingleientityiint
oitwoidaughtericells,ibacteriaiareiableitoimultiplyiviaiaimechanismiknowniasiBinaryiFis
sion.iThisitranspiresisequentiallyias:

i. TheicirculariDNAiandiplasmidsireplicate.

ii. Theicelligrowsiinisizeiandibecomesibigger.i
TheicirculariDNAistandsimoveitoitheioppositei“poles”i(ends)iofitheicell.

iii. Theicytoplasmibeginsitoidivideiandinewicelliwallsibeginitoiform.
CrossiwallsibeginitoiformiarounditheireplicatediDNA.

iv. Theicytoplasmidividesianditwoidaughtericellsiareiformulated.
EachidaughtericellihasiaicopyioficirculariDNA,ibutiaivariableinumberiofiplasmid
s.

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Figurei1.1i-iAniIllustrationidepictingiReplicationiofiBacteria

Anotheriformiofiasexualireproductionithatienablesibacteriaitoireproduceiisithroughisp
ores,ihoweverithisiprocessiisiquiteidormantiandiuncommon.iKnowniasitheiTemperatu
reiDangeriZonei(TZD),ibacteriaiwillidevelopifasteribetweeni41°Fi(5°C)iandi135°Fi(57°
C)iandiperformibestiwhenitheipHiisineutralianditheiacidiisilow.iBacteriaithatirecreateivi
aisporesiareiusuallyiiniunfavourableiconditions.iiTheisporesiareiinhaledithroughitheire
spiratoryisystem,ienteritheilungs,iandigainifulliaccessitoitheihosticausingidisease.i

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Figurei1.2-iAniIllustrationidepictingiBacterialiBuddingii
Occurringiinibothimulticellulariandiunicellular,ibacteriaicanialsoimultiplyithroughibud
ding.iAismallibudiwillistartitoiformiinitheiexterioriofitheimicrobe,ibecomeiaidaughterice
lliandiseparateifromitheiparentalicell.iChronologically:

3|Page

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Unit 12 - Learning aim C: Understand how infectious diseases can be treated and managed

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