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Summary Full and Comprehensive German Grammar Notes
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This booklet of notes contains sections on all components of German Grammar and is designed to be as concise and easy-to-use as possible. I made these notes throughout my studies of German language. They will serve as an excellent resource for people studying GCSE-University level German. The notes...

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  • April 7, 2022
  • 26
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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German

Grammar

, The Present Tense

The present tense is what we use to talk about things which are happening right now
and things which always happen, for example: 'I'm eating a sandwich' and 'I eat a
sandwich for lunch'.

• Current actions and situations
• Habitual actions
• Absolute and general truths
• Actions which will occur immediately
• In the formation of the present passive voice


The vast majority of verbs are 'weak' or 'regular', which means they all follow the
same pattern.

Conjugating Present tense verbs in German
REMOVE EN
AND ADD: Ich E
Du St
Er/Sie/Es/Man T
Wir En
Ihr T
Sie/Sie EN



‘Haben’ and ‘Sein’ in the Present tense

Ich HABE Ich BIN
Du HAST Du BIST
Er/Sie/Es/Man HAT Er/Sie/Es/Man IST
Wir HABEN Wir SIND
Ihr HABT Ihr SEID
Sie/Sie EN Sie/Sie SIND

, Reflexive Verbs
• A reflexive verb shows that the subject is performing the action upon itself and, therefore,
the subject and the reflexive pronoun refer to the same person or thing.
• A lot of reflexive verbs are related to your daily routine (eg 'getting yourself ready'). Some
verbs that are not reflexive in English are reflexive in German. One example is 'sich baden'
(which means 'to have a bath' or 'bathe myself').
• Notice how the German has 'sich' in front of the verb. If you see this in a dictionary, it shows
you that it’s a reflexive verb.
The German language uses reflexive verbs more often that English and often in phrases where we
wouldn’t use a reflexive verb in English.

How to form reflexive verbs




The following table shows the verbs that are usually or always reflexive

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