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AQA AL Biology notes Topic 7 – Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems
Topic 7 – Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems
Table of Content
7.1 Inheritance...................................................................................2
7.2 Populations..................................................................................5
7.3 Evolution may lead to speciation..................................................6
7.4 Ecosystem.....................................................................................8
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, AQA AL Biology notes Topic 7 – Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystems
7.1 Inheritance
Genotype
Genetic constitution of an organism
Eg BB, Bb, bb (eye colour)
Phenotype
Expression due to genotype and environment
Eg brown eyes
Explains why genetically identical twins may have diverging phenotypes, esp. as get older & are
exposed to more environmental stimuli
Allele
Different version of a gene (sequence of bases different)
In a diploid organism, alleles at specific locus may be either
o Homozygous
Both alleles at specific locus on each homologous chromosome are the same
Eg BB or bb
o Heterozygous
Both alleles at specific locus on each homologous chromosome are different
Eg Bb
Alleles may be…
o Dominant
In heterozygous state, it's the allele that is always expressed (in phenotype)
o Recessive
In heterozygous state, it's the allele that isn't expressed in phenotype
Only expressed if homozygous recessive or absence of dominate
o Codominant
Both alleles are expressed (in phenotype)
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