the document focuses on the female and male reproductive system, briefly describing the features of both the reproductive systems. the document also focuses on menstrual cycle. The oogenesis, and the different follicle stages are explained in this document. the spermatogenesis is explained in detai...
OVARY: ovary is a ductless reproductive gland responsible in producing female reproductive
cells.
FALLOPIAN TUBE (oviduct): fallopian tube have several functions. Fallopian tube is
situated in the female abdominal cavity. It is responsible to transport the sperm cells to the egg
and it also supply a good environment for fertilisation.
UTERUS: the role of the uterus is receive the fertilised ovum and turn it into foetus and carry
it when it starts to develop. The uterus also give support to the foetus during gestation period.
UTERINE HORN: the uterine horns is where the uterus and fallopian tube meets. The uterine
horns are the points of connection for the round ligament of the uterus.
FIMBRIAE: the fimbriae is responsible for transporting the ovulated egg from the ovary to the
fallopian tube. The fimbriae are crucial for fertilisation of the egg and can damage which can
result to infertility.
ENDOMETRIUM: endometrium is a lining of the uterus which will shed once a month.
Endometrium is a place where embryo can be implanted and become sustained by the rich
supply of blood.
CERVIX: the cervix is responsible to enable the flow of menstrual blood from the uterus to
vagina and then to direct semen into the uterus.
, RANSLEY FERNANDES ADMIN NO. 40202
VAGINA: vagina have several essential functions; such as, it helps during childbirth, as it
enlarges to supply a channel for delivery of a new born baby from the uterus. It also supply as
a canal for menstrual fluid and tissue to leave the body.
LABIA: the labia is responsible to protect the soft tissues of the vulva. The labia have many
pubic hair which protect the vulva from mechanical stress and friction.
EPIDIDYMIS- epididymis is responsible to transport and store sperm cells. It is also responsible to
bring the sperm to maturity because the sperm that appear from the testes are not mature and are
not capable.
SEMINAL VESICLE- the seminal vesicle are two small glands that has a job in storing and producing
large amount of fluid which makes up semen. During the process of ejaculation, the fluid which is
present in the seminal vesicle is discharged into the ejaculatory duct, from there it goes to mix up with
sperm and other reproductive fluids.
COWPER’S GLAND- Cowper’s glands are small gland located in the inferior to prostate gland. The
essential function of Cowper’s gland is to protect the sperm during ejaculation. The Cowper’s glands
produce clear, slippery fluid which empties directly to urethra.
PROSTATE GLAND- prostate gland is responsible to secrete prostate fluid. The muscles of the
prostate gland help to move this seminal fluid into the urethra during ejaculation.
TESTES- the testes are responsible to produce gametes and they also secrete hormone called
testosterone.
, RANSLEY FERNANDES ADMIN NO. 40202
PENIS- the penis is a male organ reaching the full-size during puberty. The penis acts as a channel
for urine to leave the body.
SCROTUM- the scrotum has a protective role and it performs as climate control system for the
testes.
VAS DEFERENS- the vas deferens is a long, muscular tube. This vas deferens is responsible to
transfer mature sperm into the urethra. The tube also carries urine and sperm outside the body.
ERECTILE TISSUE- the erectile tissue is the tissue that can stiffen with blood. During sexual
arousal, the erectile tissue will experience high blood flow and engorge with blood, which leads to
enlarging and stiffening.
The menstrual cycle is a regular
natural change that appear in
female reproductive system which
is able to make pregnancy possible.
This menstrual cycle is needed to
produce oocytes, and for also
preparing of the uterus for
pregnancy.
The hormones make the eggs in the
ovaries mature, when the egg is
matured that means it is ready to
fertilise by a sperm cell. These
Menstrual cycle has three phases hormones also make the uterus
Follicular lining thick and spongy. If
pregnancy does not happen than
Ovulatory
the body does not require the thick
Luteal lining in the uterus.
When the follicular phase starts, there are low levels of oestrogen and progesterone. This
will lead to the upper layer of the thickened lining of the uterus to break down and shed,
therefore the menstrual bleeding will appear. At this time, the follicle stimulating hormone
(FSH) level will rise little bit, this will stimulate the growth of many follicles in the ovaries.
Each follicle has an egg. Afterwards in this phase, when the follicle stimulating hormone
level reduces, only one follicle will continue to grow. This follicle will produce oestrogen.
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