Exam (elaborations)
Advanced Assessment 4th Edition Goolsby Test Bank
- Module
- Advanced Assessment .
- Institution
- Chamberlain College Of Nursing
Advanced Assessment 4th Edition Goolsby Test Bank. Instant delivery . printed pdf .
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Full Test BankAdvanced Assessment 4th Edition
Goolsby Test Bank
Test Bank Directly From The publisher, 100% Verified Answers.
COVERS ALL CHAPTERS.
Download Immediately After the Order.
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Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision Making: An Overview
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which type of clinical decision making is most reliable?
A. Analytical I
B. Augenblink
C. Experiential
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D. Intuitive
ANS: A abirb.com/test
Croskerry (2009) describes two major types of clinical diagnostic decision making: intuitive
and analytical. Intuitive decision making (similar to Augenblink decision making) is based
on the experience and intuition of the clinician and is less reliable and paired with fairly
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common errors. In contrast, analytical decision making is based on careful consideration and
has greater reliability with rare errors.
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,
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2. You are using the PQRST approach while completing the history of present illness for a
patient complaining of pain. Which of the following questions is relevant to the “P” portion
of this approach?
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A. How would you describe your pain?
B. Can you point to the area of most severe pain?
C. How has your pain changed since you first noticed it?
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D. What makes the pain worse or better?
ANS: D
In the PQRST model, “P” refers to exploring precipitating and palliative factors. Identify
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factors that make the symptom worse and/or better, any previous self-treatment or
prescribed treatment, and response.
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3. Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except:
A. Chief complaint
B. Current vital signs
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C. History of the present illness
D. Review of systems
ANS: B
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Vital signs are part of the physical examination portion of patient assessment, not part of the
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PTS: 1
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4. While reading an article on hypothyroidism, you find a helpful graphic depiction of the
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decision-making process recommended by the authors to find a definitive diagnosis. This
graphic is an example of:
A. A clinical prediction tool
B. Clinical guidelines abirb.com/test
C. A decision tree
D. A diagnostic finding guide
ANS: C abirb.com/test
Clinical decision trees provide a graphic depiction of the decision-making process, showing
the pathway based on findings at various steps in the process.
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PTS: 1
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5. Which of the following is the least reliable source of information for diagnostic statistics?
A. Evidence-based investigations
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B. Primary reports of research
C. Estimation based on a provider’s experience
D. Published meta-analyses
ANS: C abirb.com/test
Sources for diagnostic statistics include textbooks, primary reports of research, and
published meta-analyses. Another source of statistics, the one that has been most widely
used and available for application to the reasoning process, is the estimation based on a
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provider’s experience, although these are rarely accurate. Over the past decade, the
availability of evidence on which to base clinical reasoning is improving, and there is an
increasing expectation that clinical reasoning be based on scientific evidence.
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Evidence-based statistics are also increasingly being used to develop resources to facilitate
clinical decision making.
PTS: 1
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6. Which of the following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision making?
A. An algorithm published in a peer-reviewed journal article
B. Clinical practice guidelines
C. Evidence-based research
D. All of the above
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ANS: D
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To assist in clinical decision making, a number of evidence-based resources have been
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developed to assist the clinician. Resources, such as algorithms and clinical practice
guidelines, assist in clinical reasoning when properly applied.
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7. If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates:
A. A high percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result
B. A high percentage of persons without the condition will have inconclusive results
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C. A low likelihood of normal result in persons without a given condition
D. A low percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result
ANS: A
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The sensitivity of a diagnostic study is the percentage of individuals with the target
condition who show an abnormal, or positive, result. A high sensitivity indicates that a
greater percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result.
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8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates:
A. A low percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
B. A high percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
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C. A high percentage of individuals with a disorder will show a normal result
D. A low percentage of individuals with a disorder will show an abnormal result
ANS: B
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The specificity of a diagnostic study is the percentage of normal, healthy individuals who
have a normal result. The greater the specificity, the greater the percentage of individuals
who will have negative, or normal, results if they do not have the target condition.
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PTS: 1
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9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a:
A. Positive result is strongly associated with the disease
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B. Negative result is strongly associated with absence of the disease
C. Positive result is weakly associated with the disease
D. Negative result is weakly associated with absence of the disease
ANS: A abirb.com/test
The likelihood ratio is the probability that a positive test result will be associated with a
person who has the target condition and a negative result will be associated with a healthy
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person. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a positive result is associated with the
disease; a likelihood ratio less than 1 indicates that a negative result is associated with an
absence of the disease.
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