This document contains a summary/revision notes on the events during Henry VII's reign. This is particularly useful for the Edexcel specification and contains everything that is highlighted in the Spec. This document is particularly beneficial for potential source questions on Henry VII's reign.
Battle of Bosworth - 22nd Aug 1485
- Richard received inaccurate spy reports regarding Tudor’s whereabouts - unprepared
- Reasons for Tudors success;
- Tudor’s vanguard ably commanded by Earl of Oxford
- Henry Percy offers great military support to Richard but fails to engage
troops, possible believed Tudor would give him more control in North than
Richard had
- Thomas Lord Stanley was Tudor’s stepfather but had shown considerable
support to Richard’s reign
- Upon declaration of battle, Stanley refused Richard’s summons for him to
fight alongside the king by claiming he was ill, Stanley’s son taken as hostage
to ensure Stanley behaved correctly
- Stanley arrives at Bosworth, made sure not to fight on either side but his
brother Sir William supports Tudor
- Upon Tudor victory, Thomas Stanley awarded Constable of the Realm
amongst land and other titles
How Did Henry Secure His Throne?
- Dated reign to 21st August so those who fought against him = traitors
- Jan 1486 Marriage to Elizabeth of York - united 2 sides of family and allows Henry to
claim throne from both sides
- Issue: Act of Bastardisation meant children of Edward IV illegitimate so Henry
reversed it and burned all copies
- Issue: were both great great grandchildren of John of Gaunt so papal
dispensation required to marry
- Benefits: had 2 sons (Henry and Arthur)
- Spies used:
- Used Calais as base for espionage to get good info from other royal courts
like France and Scotland
- Henry infiltrated court of Margaret of Burgundy in 1490s
- Was forewarned about Warbeck’s plans
- 1505 - ciphers routinely used
- Bonds - control nobility - pledge signed promising guaranteeing good behaviour of
themselves or relations or else pay a fine
- More than ½ peerage obliged to pay money for crown
- Any nobles accused of treason executed even for minor involvement in
conspiracy and lost all possessions so heirs disinherited
Rebellions
- Lovell’s Rebellion 1486
- Lacked support; major northern landholders failed to aid their cause
- Lovell fled to Burgundy in April 1486
- Lambert Simnel and Earl of Lincoln’s Rebellion 1487
- Simnel claimed to be Edward, earl of Warwick and Lincoln was nephew of
Edward IV and Richard III and declared Simnel was the real Warwick
- Margaret of Burgundy also supported Simnel with financial support
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