MULTIPLE CHOICE- 50 items
Direction: On the line before each item, write the letter of the correct answer.
________1. Psychologists generally agree that personality
A. refers mostly to surface traits.
B. is largely inherited.
C. can be explained by several different theories.
D. can best be explained by a single theory.
________2.What is the proper place of theory within science?
A. Theories enable scientists to know how they should live their lives.
B. Theories are tools used by scientists to give meaning to observations.
C. Theory building is the ultimate aim of science.
D. Theories play no role in scientific pursuits.
________3.Which statement best characterizes the relationship between a theory and a
hypothesis?
A. A theory is narrower than a hypothesis.
B. A theory is directly verifiable, a hypothesis is not.
C. A theory is logically deduced from a specific hypothesis.
D. A theory may generate one or more hypotheses.
________4. The personalities, cognitive processes, developmental histories, and social
experiences of personality theorists help shape their theories. The discipline that deals
with these factors is called
A. personology.
B. psychology.
C. sociology.
D. the psychology of science
________5. Personality theorists have evolved different systems because
A. they have different conceptions as to the nature of humanity.
B. they have had a variety of childhood and professional experiences.
C. they begin with different assumptions concerning personality.
D. Any or all of the above are correct.
________6. John smokes excessively. He smokes 1 pack of cigarettes a day. John
usually smokes with his friends and later realized that this act is not good for his health.
For this reason, he decided to consult an expert who can help him to reduce and
eliminate his undesirable behavior. If you are a behaviorist, how would you explain the
behavior?
A. John learned smoking thru modeling and it has been reinforced.
B. John is expressing some unconscious hostility towards something that symbolically
represents by a cigarette.
C. John is fixated in the oral stage.
D. Smoking behavior of John is his response to the frustration of his some basic needs.
________7. Freud's free association technique evolved from
, ________8. Sigmund Freud went to France and studied under Jean Charcot, a French
psychiatrist who was using hypnosis in the treatment of hysteria. Which of the following
did not learned by Freud from Charcot?
A. It is possible to treat hysteria by using the process of catharsis.
B. It is possible that hysteria has a sexual basis.
C. It is possible to treat hysteria as a psychological disorder rather than as an organic one.
D. None of the above
________9. After World War I, Freud made which revision to his theory of personality?
A. He placed greater emphasis on the aggression instinct.
B. He identified the three levels of mental life.
C. He rejected repression as an ego defense mechanism.
D. He rejected the notion of a female Oedipus complex.
________10. Freud claimed that an important function of repression is to
A. protect a person against the pain of anxiety.
B. converts superego functions into ego functions.
C. protects a person against public disgrace.
D. converts id functions into ego functions.
________11. Which of these progressions is most consistent with psychoanalytic theory?
A. Anxiety leads to repression, which leads to suppression of sexual feelings, which
leads to a reaction formation.
B. Punishment of a child's sexual behavior leads to repression, which leads to anxiety,
which leads to suppression of sexual activity.
C. Punishment of a child's sexual behavior leads to suppression of sexual behavior,
which leads to anxiety, which leads to repression.
D. Anxiety leads to suppression of sexual feelings, which leads to repression, which
leads to punishment of sexual behaviors.
________12. According to Freud, which of these region(s) of the mind is (are) in contact
with the external world?
A. id
B. ego
C. superego
D. ego and superego
________13. According to Freud, a guilt-ridden, timid person is most likely dominated
by
A. the superego.
B. the ego.
C. the id.
D. the Oedipus complex.
________14. The gym instructor who is threatened by his own homosexual feelings
might engage in aggressive heterosexual behavior. What is the defense mechanism used?
A.Reaction Formation
B. Projection
C. Denial
D. Rationalization
________15.According to Freud, all people possesses two major instincts or
drives. They are
A. id and superego.
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