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Quick summary about the viroids

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This note is based on the clear summarization of viroids. It is mainly focused on some specific topics, such as the viroids, classification, replication, and pathogencity to the host , clinical characteristics of the diesease, and prevention methods.

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  • June 27, 2022
  • 4
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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Viroids
I. What is viroids?
- Viroids are plant-restricted parasites that represent a remarkable model system to
analyze many aspects of host-pathogen interactions at the genomic level.
- As the smallest known agents of infectious
- Structural features:
 Consists of single-stranded, circular RNA
 Low molecular weight RNA
 Do not possess a protein or membrane shell
 Their complex secondary structure they have unusual properties such as
resistance to ribonuclease digestion and denaturation
 Viroids do not encode any protein
 Use host end-coded polymerase for replication
 Cause certain plant and human diseases and “classical” viroids have been
found only in plants.
 More than 40 viroid species and many variants have been characterized
- Classification:
 Pospiviroidae family (most viroids) is an acronym derived from potato
spindle tuber viroid, the representative species type. Viroids that belong to
this family adopt a quasi-rod or rod-like secondary structure, with dsRNA
regions separated by unpaired internal single-chain loops, in which five
structural domains can be distinguished.

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