Nomenclature and
Isomerism
, Naming Compounds
Family Formula Prefix/Suffix Example
Alkenes RCH=CH2 -ene Propene, CH3CHC
Alkynes RC≡CH -yne Propyne, CH3CCH
Halogenoalkanes R–X halo- (fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, Chloromethane, CH
iodo-)
Anhydrides RCOOCOR’ -anhydride Ethanoic anhydride
CH3COOCOCH3
Esters RCOOR’ -oate Propyl ethanoate, C
Acyl Chlorides RCOCl -oyl chloride Ethanoyl Chloride,
Amides RCONH2 -amide Ethanamide, CH3C
Nitriles RC≡N -nitrile Ethanenitrile, CH3C
Aldehydes RCHO -al Ethanal, CH3CHO
Ketones RCOR’ -one Propanone, CH3CO
Alcohols ROH -ol Ethanol, C2H5OH
hydroxy- 2-hydroxyethanal, H
Amines RNH2 -amine Ethylamine, CH3CH
amino-
Arenes C6H5R Methylbenzene, C6
Carboxylic Acids RCOOH -oic acid