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Summary OCR A level Physics A 4.4 Waves part 1 £6.49   Add to cart

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Summary OCR A level Physics A 4.4 Waves part 1

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Summary notes for the first half of topic 4.4 Waves. Covering progressive waves, electromagnetic spectrum, polarisation, key terms, total internal reflection, refractive index, Snell’s law, optical fibres and diffraction. Notes includes definitions, highlighted key terms, diagrams, explanations a...

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  • June 28, 2022
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Progressive Waves


Earthquakes produce 2 main P
types of seismic waves waves
-
-




and S -
waves


P -


waves are longitudinal} both are
progressive
S waves are
-


transverse waves -




Progressive wave : an oscillation that travels
through matter ( or

in some cases a vacuum
) .
all
transfer energy
but not matter .




Particles in a medium more about their equilibrium position .




A displaced particle experiences
it back
a
restoring force from its

neighbours pulling ,
to its
original position .




Transverse waves have oscillations that are perpendicular to the
direction Transverse waves have peaks
of transfer
energy include
.
and

troughs Examples
.




the
:




surface of water

waves on


electromagnetic waves





stretched
waves on
strings






8- waves .




Longitudinal waves have oscillations parallel to the direction of
have
energy transfer
.




they areas of compression and
rarefaction .




Examples include :
• sound waves

P -




waves .

, Wave Properties
Term Symbol Unit Definition
displacement s m distance from the equilibrium
position
in a particular direction vector quantity
. .




amplitude A m maximum displacement from equilibrium
position .




i
wavelength m minimum distance between two points
in phase on adjacent waves .




period of T s time taken for one whole wavelength
oscillation to move past a given point .




frequency f th number of full wavelengths to pass a


given point per unit time .




speed travelled
distance
by
'
wave v Ms a wave per
unit time .




V=fX wave speed metres per second '

v. in Ms
-




, ,




frequency f. in ,
hertz Hz ,




wavelength 4 , , in metres ,m


f- -




f frequency f , ,
in hertz Hz ,



period of oscillation ,
T.in seconds S ,




Phase difference
Describes the difference between the displacements of particles on a

wave or between different waves .

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