Series of questions and answers that related to paper 2 for Viking Expansion. This is a good way to understand how to structure your answers, and also how to link content to your answers too.
The Vikings began to trade with the Arabs
Write a clear and organised through the Volga trade route through
summary that analyses Viking Russia. By doing this they could carry
contact with the Arab world. their most common goods such as furs,
Support your slaves and amber to meet and trade with
summary with examples. Arab merchants in the markets of
Baghdad. Viking traders wanted Arabian
silver coins, with w~ich they were paid in by
weight, due to Vikings paying for
goods in the weight of silver.
Examples of Viking trading They also wanted to trade for silk which
with Arabs was a very rare and exotic cloth which
What good they trade? would sell
Evidence of Arab contact with for a large amount in the markets of Hedby
Vikings and Birka.
Contact was not one sided, Arab traders
ventured as far as Hedeby and Birka, we
know this from their written accounts·I
the most well-known was Ahmad lbn
L _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __J Fadlan who offered interesting and
informative interpretations of the Vikings.
1
, Viking Expansion
One of the main causes of Viking raids is the fact that the
Vikings built excellent longships that could navigate the
seas and the rivers of Europe allowing them to raid at will.
What caused Viking raids The design of flat bottomed Viking long ships made
navigating
in the west between 793
internal rivers easier and they could strike and retreat
and 850? Support your
before the country they were raiding had chance to
answer with examples defend themselves. This meant that they could also attack
monasteries and reap huge rewards by stealing from
rl-==--_,....,___,.....,_ __,_--1 churches. The churches would contain gold and silver and
What to include in your were poorly defended because they were sacred and no
answer. one that lived in the host country would think about
Attacks on monasteries as stealing from them, such as the famous Lindisfarne church
and monastery.
they had no defences and
a lot of wealth·.
Another reason for Vikings raids were caused was by
geographical factors; for example, the lack of farmable
Vikings also wanted to land in Scandinavia for the growing population caused
undermine the Christian them to seek income elsewhere. Therefore location and
faith. population of Scandinavia was as a driving force in causing
the Viking raids.
Vikings raided quickly and
The unique religion and culture that formed in Scandinavia
departed quickly, was a long running contributing factor to the causes of
travelling by sea. Viking raids; for example, the Viking warrior culture and
They often captured religion that had contempt for the weak. They saw raiding
hostages or slaves while as a challenge rather than a violent theft. big incentive to
they raided. raid for many Vikings was not just financial but the fact
that many Vikings would want to win fame and the favour
of the Gods to guarantee entrance into Valhalla.
No religion paganism
Therefore, raiding and invading were seen as ways of
building prestige, not only within Viking society but with
1 . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 the Gods who lived in Asgard.
The Vikings however had no problem with this due to their
pagan beliefs, and once word travelled home about these
places it would only serve to tempt more warriors and
opportunists to go and raid the coastlines of Europe.
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