t
) lTillll, (Cl \8 It) l<t( p ¥
~ Boct1..1 p\llf\S ~ \ h?>1 '-1)< 'i)0':,1- 1R!\N',ll'l110N~l ""'tr~: (hrt>1'1 0\tlYU m\lto.t>c-0 1 o.,Ja,tt !l.1 Ci 4roro.1~\ud' mul o..l:J c,, , 1 n
•
~l,llil~l'<J~ h,1v,
whtfu ch•~m•IO'n-\<. <t\1.11 <d b 'a
~
N\Ul:(\.\,t"A ,/hlth rt\l\U S. 1f\ - -
(J c~ ~u \
mu.tor"' & ()\l\\l dunn~ m.un,1 ,a o. 'G'nl "J ~'"8'<
lll~n0f, QW.lu,A 1t'\1nic1.u n thnt \
O ~11JUp ";) \j<Otl ( ~01'~1 ~U 8 Jm"'1. ,r
. . i~"" ~ nno<41\11n':, \~o ld•niCY , \,o~ tnin~ • •
n1 "-"ct.ni nutlttfl1il thang, d
><ijmmll!!' o\ t"'".J "J ct,O.nf' t'-' t n pUI codO<I
~·
t h<~ o, t
~~~n,(nl1 nit sp.,:10L\td d,,t\op,nuu Gj o..u ~oru~M~ non-p,atti"- l\.l'T\ f'l~ciu~ l
~ p,ot<J"S: ) '- u!J?L ~- lh<v>S-, n~ , ~Ublt\Ulnt
N
codon ,n,'tt. ~'C\W"'-' ¢"<"'tu .,, ,, fl., "'"' tot!"" <.O<Ul AY
w f\i.1'1"1'\ ' \tll lM "a th.,mOIOO'U.
( ,. Pt'<J<mi t ~
H<t\ 31nu ,n 111' htod <01'trd1 !ht
t,tnl ~Unlti"'' . 'htl. Cnl,\\\ ,n,m,iundm-.lO.bl'11 '"l)tu•l~l•tl
o~~
\
mcd,,jH C\U~n b~ ,~~'?
\ \\\ •~"4 \\,\'11\"nOl<>mJ. ,1 d..u p1,,oi,.d
Mt.Lltt.\JtM l,O. \ <hO.n<Ud
o· o <.U~<\l• Qrsuno o.o d f\.l pn"""'"a
~ fu p~t.,rt t_r"IQr\ac..s
~ 't •'\H..o.rl
"
t1e~,1i:rr11tn1 (ij fYlo.i11,porH 1..l ~ rt ul~li""- <q fu. \)(l,tttrn r<l C\n<UotT'\lc.<tl m,o"' '%' t•· toll 1n u.U \
,:11,.; 17!'[N'"'" !J.U
< : ' I ~<
,J d \.-.- ·r ~
~
i no> \,OU ir"':P' I• p<d'l<•n• t"' • ~ n1.n1t obd.t ,\ deu u
!ll\~ne1 In 11\f. thoi. O~ COnt1tl t n,o\ ( rli ><IO))Mtnt ? 1tt:1n tu n11>•,\
~ttl10<'\ ~ th •Q"'ft'\0 'i.(TTYU. ~ lt Qd \ ,o ~ ~h.rJ! mf.1lo.lJG'., ~ ~'(\l"C n.i.~Uef°'d tli c,.cldJd
~ •a \l<nt<
I I( ' - . QU11(\JC-,,,. °<l ll p,di
~
~( , lt\)11,cn• C\:l 1'•1,,) t..m-,b\0:. "d p
(lJ.(l}.;.\t 1\.1. atldJUV\-. p
\-\_ uod, ,o -Mt!'nh,.,r ""HI.Ill "-
>': ~<\,,ct l<\,t <lt<!lcp,d ~ - "a"''"'' L\ ltnhtn •I Ollvtvtd b~ Q lln(\IJ ~ cl/. ,1,un:\'-' 1-U t<~ •••"j WU< u : '
rln1l1t'U"1C" \:l\~ O.\\\ aa,a 1 ~ , v , a. noY'\~ L\ ~'<"'A ~utu n t..._ ( ':.don H _
~'"'"ti ~\llU\\h ( . C(;tlon · l
11'1 OYib,14, l~h(d i t 'l'UH I Sh rnu1<:.1<d b~~ \'\'.i':"f'f'OI'\({ " ~Ot\C'O t~·~.n:~\\f)N r\Om6\.<.la:,u , ( \,11Jml>~(fl'Y\.l. Chon'J<d fY™ pa\1\11 riH.llt,.\J l"'
~ a..d
II'(
ct-on cud ._,. P"'"' ~ "'llttlb ·'
11
' I
\"°"
l . \I { ('~ IY!JII l;\1111'.,Qlf ?t'\fll't)l'\mcntol tuU t m"R.NP. bu"l(li r,~
( \icd~ \ hOP S~,>mttncaJ m<tnnn,<.<.I 11,,1m l11duttd b~ TRAN5lAitONAL Conlro], to ..,1:,0,0.,u c \ ltb <n , ln ,1) rn>So'll'\.I bi tO'<\ ~ , ------ o o.
r 1&1 1,~111 «•1 ~ spnt,ttl pru1:rr,no "lj l'.tll< ,-, 1<,, r{lf'tl'}-(d < fU'r\ ~>V'I b t\V,4. 'On.to ?Olf'\.t l'\'\u..lQU t'n \ (\r<. ..------,
°d Mlh 1;-r o.mir~ . \r.'c1\-o,,n,o p10'\tlfl"::. ""'c)o.~•~"-' Q \ ln31t
L\prtSSlt"T'I
\j<nu coo I, "\l'"'""d
tl.t t rrn 1'J1'\mt1,t
rf8ll1Ql0~
~ 01'~'1 lllfflm!l!O~--· i •111,p°3
..:S-
<J
--.J
gt ncr "11\\ Q
horntobe)
c • <\,
1J1f1 "l ~ 10
n•b1t<K\J p ,~t,, nc
- ~
t• rn'P.NA
\, Cl \
( i•n<
~\,. (\,'1)m<)\otnl.
rtiu1a.l,,,,, \I ><O,w ..d ,!tFJ3.~Ct. \l'(ti ol,\<
'-"'~ """'- "'" tl>0\-\1:J,no..t,.~ ""'a
nt11U~;!..t.
(
O t hanf t, \U \:)Oil ( \1UI
c au•d ~ o) ~
1,wt\J.) \({\Ulf« '{u NA
r'~P"d
~
\'m.ll 'l•~
~Sh~'i ..O,t n Mm~O\tO\,t
O<;tCht"r'~ 1l.(l)NA
If\ Hi< ~tnt t1:ld.11,3 ~'i~T'\S•blt 4°' tTit dtvtl~p1t1t<\t
.
~ bt)dia t<:i pt(~f\l
cmc\ n,c ~
1 1 ,d"ltl'n \::,ii'\t\J"-! 10 11 0110n'I
-p,trtri l tt o M\O.b U(\
'\...._
/
t,,.,J 31> ,;tov
o ""-." "Q Q p,t\U~ lO.J d b,
ll<t•nnteI\ tlPW ~"" p,,w n pion\• •,«~ rtijUIOC°"d ii<"'' / ,.., ------------.. ~ •v
~ 11wn n
lll
•- ~
12-t btrid',.
.1 ,
r""'t....,.u
J
1'\;;:i ·r ~Lb .,,,_
\ ll•~hl~ t•n1t1vtd b<i ...«n ptnn" no,mot,,qvna' / fu tntM !ltnomr '1 P• rni'\.t
1 'l:ldtti ocb,..t~
, l,,l;,,t ➔ o• no1c\,onrp•tl>(lOIO'P•c'.'<~ OlL•'•~
">d"'i' 6'
(
1
GENETICS 0£ ',
-:,➔➔ <\'<l.lcu r<i<"~O.ml
EFF[CTS '
~ /t'
'idrt8ll ~~n!< ,.) \l\\., poi\"<J lu p1o>t inmod,l,1 tnthorntodornw n ' '"l'<::it,ttllt'l.c<.th•••n"'"-"
f '"''"'t "' 8';_:',;J' -EMS
,: i
1
b tRANSt?.IPrioNf\Lt{iuluLcn; /
0
no e~tc1 on phtn<'l:ljl't 1 •l
on~~ '"'':,
o con1>-011,d ~•nc,
~mt ,1oi1~po3 •<>ntobG'<
on• ~ qou~o •~ Qn,""4J1
I v'lht<'llNA
m,,i:;:~ ', ; ,<> tt hH I r'~l'!;!! ~;?:!1~Q ~1".r;~,\•; i \ "'lu"t t na,n!I ',<rt, UVING SYS \ ) \ /
Ct
ll•'O\lnOlUd (d.ll''
,n.t ,-a-n~ ( no: ce,d,.i."8 '~~,~: '; ~)
•fl
po(ll➔ 1on1111
OtWlj<nt•~· ~
✓ ..'r\llll':-- ,1rrotl<lLn~
o, l\~•·"5 '""1YVJ'' "' J---------
➔ n~~ ➔ ~
\p.-ut<tf l,<SpOnstb•qo,HJtor,<CI rtautah.~ · -,. co ,ii n
~
'Ip'" ,u111mtd«llotoll PCl•bcro.n~oJ Ol:i8 ti>! \d~ PIOJ\ llb \\);I ,<l\1Nl1)N~ "ilP•1fltJn 'dnt"
~
i
01'R.l'I A'--" \H<IO>l< motlijl<o.:tfc'Yd Clnl'\,,m,se oud 11'\lQ flt. [SI
,nco, PaT1l~M c<odon lll<•mo O \ top ,~d~, '"'""~ . i -1"
➔
COit II V. l.000\l II r,()l p,t!,tl'\l •, 1~uto.llon\
'l \Jot! Intl\
Inth• l!OQ 11J limb\
aU\<fPIOt<J
'"'""8 Mt\l<Othoom<ili" ' po~•'o\.< ' "Wnt U C\mm• Cln o.m..,o oc,d d
~
\0 IOUc<l\t \he,"!,,, ¾r><OI \,t d~ o pon, 1n ••• !Ycms<n Pb<M \\(J1 <),(net
➔ ➔➔
\tH oumbtr et\\\, .
'1lru 'b\! t1mOf'\f'\~ cr,is" (DK,~ul<llt~ pi cmt'\ pi-tduu.d~ • po1~m1.•Mt can no\o«c c.\J'¼s,°" ,.J lpo"b"'' ~ t h••~ pnm«'IJ ,ttu ch ,,t ",hon! \'\td P'1l•u n ,, '~"'" " ""
uodm& \0 i'""'l. lhtu<t • IW~I \\In \fu' QC""'®"~ ctU cl 1)NA o.r\c.\Jn'a on QUt'd" 0< pho\p"<Lll jj""'-! 0 d b ; P«>l t ,n N)n· qlJnt b Mhl
°"
➔
l\«11, und•"ol7\"3 @ 't>•ndl 10 " " optroto, n , \.uth><)IY\Q.\;~ I\ l~O\\\'I ,.,.,.. ... ~uw '"' cha,, 1• "t)NA toll\ lt\l "'hC\""',jW, Ceu • bt \ 11\n\, C\'\!4,UO "'"uu~ II hO""'tluJ ~i«11 ~•u m'l\jf'
P~H<\t ' 0 , n \i,i>h <W- j \ ndt\.,n% o 11'<\l>f ~l'V\.lf mo~\\ \\JIIOlHI lq {U mtU oJ;""- chM!"" o
0
C1pOl)to1!1 •~l<Ult t\\t!!\IC.O.lt 'RNA p:,1~•,<<t.",Cq!<ln 1:,i ,,.l, n~ \0 • • •• - - - -
' - - - o ptr~n l _____,--.-- " \ \,Ind "'~ "~""1'' "t>N~ C()II\ "''" 1,31-11,a \:,QI! In O\ r1 PUI bUJ h i p W (Odi l <I"'• ' """'"'¾. tH>u"\Ll,"
~ • ~
,\ ➔ "· "~ <>
,<hith \ \1mu1,1:, l'l\<\OIIJ&teli p'°'""" "~' ""'
,tmou ~ng Ill""~"
pr,,~t"'\>"' t, 011,ng •• "3\'RNA pot~ rnt rOlt tonn01
'-:'..J
,-,
'""" con bt
t d Q\ • rt\p,><1t""'
U\ V ~
,., "' "' " " undt< tu.'""''" "l\__
Q q- 0
C.~,l.c AM-P
q
O.nuno ood \o ""lJino.l ,
•I ~unttt.-nl tu \ Om.t w
• tr~
➔ ruP'dnm..cu"1,l,~
t><\JllOl"I,--., "-
2" \ ➔ dun,'3 l>N" .-cpt,1e-u-,,.
bt~i n t <OOS\npt•t:'I' 1~ubs1mt,l~~\ut0\(UIOS\'-Jl1sul'!"-a fu'"""'"-~'o.~rnl(\.C)." ''tinU 1,At•fP1tttpto- p ~~•nt l:lo~1to1:lNf\ to "@: ' c\J 11.l! C.~\JSES. J .
b~ tm~m<J •n <1tC1St !Ult 1 t111~s~7fb:,:ml 10 I ~MP ,tt. ,(l~l-<ltl: ~.;:nn~;,~bslt~ urt
➔ nb~\tn«
'd \ ~ ~Ml n>< ,pr<11t ol I\J. \Of1',<
o ,nd\ ~
C~to\<tl< t1!1\ ;, 1:,,.1,1n d <!lffl @£n~ll~u~~U\Ji'OI \d,c!a•rtnt t n1\jmtl O« nudtd I~
~ 'PO~T- ru"'
1 I C1l;j>rnl~ t o:: o bn>t lQ ,i
\_ot,o\! O,t p mtiob'>l,ll lutto,t --......_
'Pmimo mtmb,u m qnm, smo!I "" 8'-' tQu~\~ 11 p,,1,11\ l l:\1Qt~pt'1!!1 " • i"""P qj 3
\QCl
!!'"11 r TRAN~rn1P,10N~L/'PRI:· il<P,NILA"i\ON~l C001'1\ I 1:N~ ~puia.t,~~pl bolt P(l,n '1 "3 \lod to RI. 1n\l!b"' M ,nc~rrtt\ l,(\,t
ll'\11\na1.,,rnd.lOIJo/\
➔-➔ <b1to~ ➔ = ~i\Clb,,~
\Qty and \u, II
~
" " prott•"
~
COIied \,«\JI
Ct li Ma,, ..u o m(mb•M<· ""-tnrl ll'"i"'<t\11 © LOUO\! 1:,,nrt, <O rt~nq\l snap< { 'KN!\ ~<.\JI,.-,,.,➔
p rodu~, ca
Mnstnptt<--- \I P""'' 'll rn'll.NA p,t- rn'll.N A 11•..il n\Ulll ·ull
pltc"
I
''" kfll.~'
boil l)NO 1t,11n d1 C\l)l). h
"2,,~c..:::1,.,,4 '
' 'tt1u, "
n itnh
-➔
P•< · rn'RN A ,1 mo<L<l1cd 1:1>~ mow>< mRN~ ·- . o(\>{\
~
thCU: Ort ,tmM(\ oi p•o0~0•~101,1 1, l\n"'\JW 11t1n t cod.I ,fl>' "!, '"'~"'"' o« mlll'IA
subS1Mtt1 o« no1 ,cltO\td ,n\lJ 1unou"'"''~ """"
@ 'i!tort<>Or p1 01
· Conn~ 1,ntl 0
-~
now a t,t IO b\nd tro.nS<n\ot d <Uoni o.
110
'/i'' n <<>p ,,odd.td to<;' t nd , \<>,t \ o 3 ' tnd ro Kdut< ~ ,n i 'Uf'
°"~,o,,;J·1:L
~ mutCU•oo m P"». 8'"' can Slop o.poptOIII ®'ill'I~ poti "'" '( d d,o,-odo.b= 'II ,,,, <n'RNA ' " Ill. tu\optolrn ..,,,._,, ➔IUQmlnc\llni 08',U'
Kl i ,., ' -➔ til\C annkl'
, 'l- ➔ cntrnJCCI\L..C1tt<r ~')t.Ji<11)NS
Cm~ ,,
~
A •t~uJ®•\l
-➔ "p\1t•n3 rtmo,t1 IOl'1l\'\t •~o\ n\ toitll\f'<lOtll ml\N ~
" (\rt
4 ~n< (.Ot l i.<,toCJ. ntO.< Q •
~ cu.tt m ob"- spu u ni p•oduw cLi1.tttru ~•""" ~ ➔ con vt r\ <\ o, ,... •o usuul '" ➔
4 '1ht1'1 1t1.1itttur\.r."<ltlU,!'l"~t\.•1-b, ~1'0mo1Cr rt ~, ~ Q~ \"\.,opt - c.cd8 (O'O. ,tp,t1 \or p•m<!" <l1C.O'"flt>lU.t1l 1\l0 1l<" /\1n 1t tod°.\UlutlJ \,O)(
''""" ,n,,n ill.,
➔ nu,11tnit\t •t~u•m~"' milNAtnn citen'jld bl\ o~t\,"~·
J. I\ 1
et:111 a« p.-,Jutd \::~ • ,,c·,,. b<lc,-t, ? ,u1f l.2)1<0n'>Cnp\lt'll t on '° c \JI
1t<1t, nit o;i ,c,t dt.itl• Fn<.r•~ a 1,.,,-,,r ~£nt ~mC\ Ort ~,cduud ~tt, rnt1 t<Ml!npt,'1'\ 1,t \ "" ewn l>N• "" ' °a'"°"'', ,u.
'~'""'"l
~ lh! \Ol 'l)fr17Y\ dt\J.bn~ {)( subs\,tubn~ o n ulU.ot.,u 1)NA , Cl,c,n~n~ lU b n,x ' q1,11 0 , :tC ::qu_:.rct