This essay is on unit 21 applied science medical physics. It covers everything from non ionising radiation to ionising radiation, the different types, and all the components aswell as the health and safety and overall judgement . Grade Distinction.
Btec applied science coursework: Unit 21 Medical physics applications
What is Non ionising radiation?
Non-ionizing radiation is defined as a series of energy waves composed of fast oscillating electric and
magnetic fields. Non ionising radiation makes reference to any type of electromagnetic radiation that
does not carry enough energy per quantum to ionise atoms or molecules, in other words to completely
remove an electron from an atom or molecule. Non ionising radiation includes microwaves and radio
waves, infra-red and the visible spectrum which is kind of uv ray of some sort. Reasons why different
types of non- ionising radiation are used in medical applications is because they don’t give of any
radiation so none of the body’s muscle tissues are destroyed which will not cause any sort of harm to
patients. Lasers commonly operate in the UV, visible, and IR frequencies are where lasers frequently
work. Non-ionizing radiation is present in a variety of occupational situations and, if not properly
controlled, can constitute a serious health risk to individuals who may be exposed.
MRI
One of the types of non ionizing radiation Is MRI also known as (magnetic resonance imaging). Magnetic
resonance imaging is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and
the physiological processes of the body. This kind of medical equipment produces very detailed images
of the soft tissues within the body that is being scanned using radio frequency radiation and strong
magnets. From radiofrequency input to high-resolution image output, MRI principles use protons from
various environments. A radiologist then analyzes these images. A large magnet and radio waves are
used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine the organs and structures within your body. MRI
scans are used by medical practitioners to identify a number of disorders. The purpose of a Magnetic
Resonance Image (MRI) is to visualize the body of a patient in a detailed form to help out doctors. This
helps diagnose certain diseases and find their cure. It also helps determine the condition or to evaluate
injuries. It provides graphic description with scintillating contrast to allow the doctors to see clear
details. An MRI scan is the best possible way to get a detailed look inside a persons body without cutting
it open. Its main purpose is to clearly identify potential problems within the body where it provides very
clear images of the internal structures, which the healthcare professionals can make significant use of to
diagnose bone, tissue and organ abnormalities.
How does MRI work?
MRI scans are used as an extremely accurate method of detecting diseases throughout the body. Head
trauma, stroke, tumors of the brain and spine tumours are all abnormalities that are detected by a MRI
scan.
There are multiple steps to completing a MRI scan. This process has to be carefully conducted and all
factors must be controlled in order to achieve a usable, readable, high-quality image. The MRI scanning
process is concerned mostly with positively charged atoms, also known as protons. The human body
consists of billions of atoms, however, since our body has a lot of water, which has a lot of positive
hydrogen atoms in it, during the examination process these are the atoms that respond and are affected
the most. To begin, the hydrogen atoms in the patient's body are normally spinning in all directions
around their individual magnetic fields on their imaginary axis. This is known as precessing. The
magnetic field of the scanner is then started when the patient is put on the patient table and entered
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