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ethnicity inequalities in work and employment, Summary A2 Unit G674 - Exploring Social Inequality and Difference

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Checkpoint, clear facts which get to the point, broken down and summarised into a quick easy and less daunting reading. colour coded sociologists, dates, books, links included Paper 2 Research Methods Understanding social inequalities relating to social class, gender, ethnicity and age F...

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  • July 31, 2022
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  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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Ethnicity inequalities in work and employment
16 May 2021 16:20



Ethnicity intro
- EM - men = over-represented in unskilled, low-paid & insecure service sector


Highest unemployed :
Black
White & black Caribbean
Caribbean




Few ethnic minorities engages in white-collar professional or managerial work. -
Indian and Chinese more likely than other EM groups to be found in middle-class
non-manual occupations - accountancy, law, medicine #
2016 - 1/5 of doctors working in NHS came from Indian backgrounds.
2016 - white people unemployment = 5% - BAME background unemployment = 9%
Unemployment = higher around those classed black/African/Caribbean/black British
12%
Mixed race = 12% Bangladeshi 11% Pakistani 10% Indian and Chinese = 6%
Unemployment = high in younger members of EM groups. - 2016 - UMP - white people aged
16-24
- Over quarter - young
Pakistani & Bangladeshi
background were
unemployed
- 2016 4% white women =
unemployed.
○ Pakistani/Bangladeshi
16%
○
Li
Wood et al. 2009 - discrimination in favour of white names over equivalent
applications from candidates from a number of ethnic minority groups was 29%
Heath and Yu (2005) - data from General Household Survey (GHS) - men - First
Generation Black, Indian and Pakistani Migrants born 1940-59 - faced significant
penalties in terms of access to professional/managerial jobs.
Direct labour market discrimination still exists even though subsequent
generations have invested heavily in increasing their skills.
Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2007)- ethnic minority graduates - esp women - find it
harder to gain higher-level positions in their occupations
Battu and sloane (2004) - EM = more likely to be overeducated than white groups in
the UK

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