Lecture notes
FIRST CLASS Lecture notes Genetics
- Module
- Genetics
- Institution
- University Of Bath (UoB)
Markers and forensic genetics
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Markers and Forensic GeneticsGenetic markers:
A genetic marker is some feature in the genome that allows us to
differentiate between different alleles
All markers reflect differences in DNA sequence, but can represent a
variety of types of differences: differences in base composition of
sequence, presence-absence measures.
Most types of markers differ in the technology used to assay them and in
the evolutionary processes shaping variation.
Why do we care?
Markers provide information on genetic differences between individuals
Forensic genetics – match DNA samples to individuals, families or
population of origin e.g. crime scene investigations, paternity tests,
conservation genetics
Complex trait genetics – markers used in QTL and GWAS studies
Measures of genetic diversity – insights into population properties, like
population size which is correlated to allelic diversity.
Not all variation is reflected in markers:
Copy number variation (CNVs): functionally important genetically identical
sequences can be repeated, but be difficult to detect. Estimated that 0.4%
of genome of unrelated individuals shows copy number differences.
Lots of ways to assay markers:
(focus on the examples on the ‘main’ bullet points)
RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism)
CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences)
SSLP (simple sequence length polymorphism)
- VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats)
- SSR/STR (simple sequence repeats/simple tandem repeats)
SCAR (sequence characterised amplified region)
SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)
- DASH (dynamic allele-specific hybridisation)
- DNA chip
- DNA sequencing
SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism)
AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism)
RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA)
DAF (DNA amplification fingerprinting)
AP-PCR (arbitrarily primed-PCR)
ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jessicabrown-11. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
52355 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now