Summary
Summary Reactions of carbonyl compounds
- Institution
- PEARSON (PEARSON)
reactions of ketones and aldehydes
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
REACTIONSOXIDATION
•
only aldehydes can be oxidised
acidic conditions
RCHO + [0 ] → RCOOH
Fehling 's blue → red
alkaline conditions Token 's silver mirror
-0 ④
RCHO + [o ] → R( go + µ
Fehling 's solution and Token 's are
oxidising agents in
alkaline conditions .
Potassium oxidise in acidic
manga rate can
and alkaline conditions .
WHICH IS IT
aldehydes produce red ppt with
Fehling 's ,
silver mirror
with tokens
↳ ketones do neither ; colourless solutions
IODOFORM ( oxidation I
↳ iodine / sodium hydroxide
Of
solution
NaOH
"
CH3
+ I, + →
CH13 % -
nat
+ NAI
+1%0
+312+4NA0H RC00 Nat that t}HzO
-
RCOCH } → CH1 } +
- ~ -
Iodine in
iodoform yellow ppt
.
alkaline ,
•
need ethanol or
methyl ketone .
, +312+4 NA0H →
CH13 + 3N at + 2h20
+ IT ( sodium methanol
- / ' salt )
H
Nato
•
not carboxylic acid because alkaline
conditions / no Ht
requires gentle warming
•
H, / Pt reduces
REDUCTION alkene e- card
( =
0
alcohol
i -
aldehyde carboxylic acid
2° - ketone ( can't oxidise before I
3° no oxidation
•
only aldehydes can be both oxidised arid reduced
LITHIUM ALUMINIUM HYDRIDE
LiAlHy
"
↳ Lit / I
-
.
At ,
4 H
1) dry / anhydrous carbonyl with dry ether ( solvent )
•
" "
•
0 -
-78
-
LIALH , is source of H ions
•
2) complex boiled with dilute HC1 →
releases free alcohol
RCHO + 2[ H ] →
RC11-2OH aldehyde
RC0R 't / [ H ]
'
→
RCHOHR ketone
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller elliebailey. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £3.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now