Summary CIE A-level Biology: Energy and Respiration (A* achieved)
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Module
CIE A2 Biology
Institution
CIE A2 Biology
Book
Cambridge International AS & A Level Complete Biology
Hi everyone:)) Here are my CIE A2 level Biology notes by topic for the syllabus. These notes are tailored to the A level syllabus as well as the mark scheme as if you do enough past paper questions you will see a recurring pattern with the types of questions asked about each topic. My notes includ...
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1- 12 :
ENERGY AND RESPIRATION
Photooutotropns synthesise
organisms that are able to use
energy to complex organic compounds using
:
photosynthesis .
Heterotrophs : convert light energy into chemical
energy
12.1 -
energy
do ?
Why organisms need
energy
•
Anabolic Reactions
↳ smaller molecules molecules
→
Bigger
-
DNA replication
Protein required for condensation
ATP reactions not occur
-
synthesis when
:
amino acids are joined by peptide bonds .
storm formation
-
Triglyceride formation
-
Activation
Energy
•
Activation Energy for reactions
-
to occur
-
Activate glucose glycolysis
-
for
•
movement / Transport
Active transport
-
and [
of ions molecules
against g)
↳ No -11kt ATPase ( sodium potassium pump )
eg
-
.
requires energy contraction of
-
movement muscle concentrates skeletal
eg .
,
muscles to
allow movement to move
Transport of substances via
endocytosis exocytosis bulk
-
-
, , transport
Maintenance body temperature birds
-
of in and mammals .
light energy needed for photosynthesis
-
ATP as the universal
energy currency
Always
•
present in cells as a product of respiration
step reaction immediate
•
one an source of energy
-
•
easily hydrolysed to release a
relatively large quantity of energy
↳ loss
of phosphate
=
energy release
•
A constant supply of ATP 25 it is
recycled from ADP (
easily phosphorylated )
Relatively
•
small molecule + water soluble = can take part in metabolic reactions
IMMEDIATE
•
ENERGY DONOR
releases a
turn
relatively large quantity
•
high -
over of energy
,
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