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Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 7TH Edition
Chapter 1. Wellness Nutrition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Examples of informal education include
a. attending a workshop on coronary artery disease sponsored by the American Heart
Association.
b.watching a television show about diabetes.
c. learning about food safety techniques in a high school economics course.
d.joining a support group to help overcome an eating disorder.
ANS: B
Watching a television show about diabetes is an example of informal education because it is an
experience that occurs through a daily activity. Attending a workshop or joining a support group
would be considered nonformal education; a high school course would be considered formal
education.
DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplyingREFage 6
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance
2. A college student exercises regularly and generally eats a healthy variety of foods, is taking a
course in general nutrition, buys locally produced food whenever possible, is an active member
of an on-campus faith-based organization, and keeps a journal to help process her emotions.
What else could be important for her to include in her life in order to develop her overall
wellness?
a. Growing some of her own food
b.Keeping a food record to help evaluate what she eats
c. Eating meals with friends throughout the week
d.Meeting with a registered dietitian to review her food choices
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ANS: C
Wellness enhances a persons level of health through development of each of the six dimensions
of health: physical health, intellectual health, emotional health, social health, spiritual health, and
environmental health. Exercise and eating a health variety of foods help develop physical health;
taking a course in general nutrition helps develop intellectual health; buying locally produced
food helps develop environmental health; being part of a faith-based organization helps develop
spiritual health; and keeping a journal helps develop emotional health. The missing dimension in
this example is development of social health; eating meals with friends throughout the week
would add this dimension. Growing her own food would be another example of environmental
health; keeping a food record would be another contributor to physical health; and meeting with
a registered dietitian may contribute to physical, intellectual, and emotional health.
DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalyzingREFages 1-3
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance
3. For a client who is missing meals because of poor planning or is too busy to eat, emotional
health can be affected by _____, which can cause confusion or anxiety.
a. low blood sugar levels
b.high blood sugar levels
c. high blood pressure
d.extremely low blood pressure
ANS: D
Poor eating habits affect emotional health. Missing meals may cause blood sugar levels to
decrease, which can cause anxiety or confusion or make it difficult to control emotions. Late
night binges on snack food are likely to result in excessive energy intake but would have a less
direct effect on emotional health. Eating small meals throughout the day is likely to maintain
more constant blood sugar levels, which would actually have a positive effect on emotional
health. Excessive caffeine consumption may contribute to anxiety, but 2 cups of caffeinated
coffee is not considered excessive.
DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalyzingREFage 2
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4. The best example of the type of concern that is likely to be addressed by the U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services when target goals for Healthy People 2030 are updated is
a. preference for vegetarian eating patterns among white women.
b.low intake of fruits and vegetables by African American children.
c. widespread use of bottled water in higher socioeconomic groups.
d.common use of protein and vitamin supplements in athletes.
ANS: B
Healthy People is used to set targets for health promotion to improve the health of all
individuals. It addresses environmental and social issues that affect health outcomes. Low intake
of fruits and vegetables by African American children is likely to have an adverse effect on their
health and so may be addressed when target goals are set. Vegetarian eating patterns, use of
bottled water, and use of protein and vitamin supplements do not necessarily have an adverse
effect on nutritional health and so are less likely to be addressed.
MSC: Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance
5. An example of community support for health promotion is
a. teaching a young mother skills in safe food preparation.
b.watching a television documentary about industry errors in food processing.
c. labeling fresh poultry packages with information about proper food storage.
d.being aware that Salmonella can be transmitted because of inadequate food preparation.
ANS: C
Food labeling information is an example of community support because it is a regulatory
measure that supports new health-promoting behaviors within a social context. Teaching,
watching television and awareness may increase knowledge, but they do not alter the social
context by regulation or environmental change.
DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplyingREFage 4
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TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance
6. An example of a technique for health promotion is
a. exercising five times a week.
b.local supermarkets expanding the availability of fresh fruits and vegetables.
c. teaching a teenager how to choose healthier foods at fast-food restaurants.
d.information about the relationship of dietary intake and diet-related disorders.
ANS: C
Health promotion consists of strategies that are designed improve the health of individuals,
families, groups, and communities, such as teaching a teenager how to choose healthier fast
foods. Exercising regularly contributes to wellness, but it is not bringing about a change in health
unless this is a change in behavior. Stocking a wider availability of fresh produce does not
promote health, unless the supermarket uses specific strategies to encourage consumption.
Information about the relationship between nutrients and disease is simply information unless it
is used to promote behavior change.
DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplyingREFage 4
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance
7. For the efficient functioning and maintenance of the body, a person needs to consume
sufficient amounts of
a. fiber.
b.nutrients.
c. minerals.
d.supplements.
ANS: B
The body needs sufficient amounts of all nutrients for efficient functioning and maintenance.
Both fiber and minerals are needed, but each represents only one type of nutrient. Supplements
are not always necessary because sufficient nutrients can often be obtained from food.
DIF:Cognitive Level: UnderstandingREFages 8-10
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