NLN-PAX Science| 450 QUESTIONS| ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
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NLN PAX
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KAPLAN UNIVERSITY
Cell Correct Answer: the smallest living unit and the basic unit of function and structure for all living things.
Nucleus Correct Answer: contains the genetic information, or DNA, and controls the activities of the cell.
Plasma (cell) membrane Correct Answer: separates the contents of the ...
nln pax science| 450 questions| answers all correct
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NLN PAX
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NLN-PAX Science| 450 QUESTIONS|
ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
Cell Correct Answer: the smallest living unit and the basic unit of function and structure for all
living things.
Nucleus Correct Answer: contains the genetic information, or DNA, and controls the activities
of the cell.
Plasma (cell) membrane Correct Answer: separates the contents of the cell from the surrounding
fluid (interstitial fluid)
Semipermeable membrane Correct Answer: refers to the selective nature of the plasma
membrane. It contains pores and channels that allow only particles of the right size or the right
chemical nature to pass through.
Interstitial fluide Correct Answer: contains substances such as amino acids, sugars, fatty acids,
hormones, neurotransmitters, and salts.
Cytoplasm Correct Answer: is the fluid matrix found between the plasma membrane and the
nucleus that acts as scaffolding for the organelles.
Organelles Correct Answer: (little organs) are specialized units in the cell that per form certain
functions.
Mitochondria Correct Answer: are the locations for cellular respiration, that is, the conversion of
food to energy at the cellular level. The site of energy production and of most of its ATP.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Correct Answer: the chemical the cell uses to store and transfer
energy within itself.
Ribosomes Correct Answer: are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Correct Answer: Ribosomes are attached. Serves as a means for
transport within the cell and is made up of many channels. Rough endoplasmic reticulum named
for the fact that it has ribosomes on its surface, serves to store and deliver the proteins made by
the attached ribosomes. Smooth ER is free of ribosomes it performs varying functions in
different cells, including the storage of enzymes and minerals and the folding of proteins, among
other things. It is thought to be involved in the detoxification of chemicals and the metabolism of
fats.
Golgi complex Correct Answer: modifies and packages proteins destined for use in the cell or
for export from the cell.
,Lysosomes Correct Answer: are sacs that contain strong digestive enzymes. These sacs are
responsible for digesting cell structures that are no longer living or that are malfunctioning, and
for digesting waste.
Cell wall Correct Answer: Only plant cells have them. It is responsible for the protection of the
cell, the maintenance of the shape, and water balance.
Chloroplasts Correct Answer: contain chlorophyll, which is necessary for photosynthesis.
Vacuoles Correct Answer: plant cells also often large ones. Which are compartments in the
cytoplasm that act as places for secretion, excretion, and storage.
Chromatin Correct Answer: DNA is in this loosely structured form when it is not dividing
Chromosomes Correct Answer: DNA is seen in condensed rod-shaped bodies when the cell is
dividing
Mitosis Correct Answer: When cells divide, the appropriate amount of genetic material must be
passed on to the new, or so-called daughter, cells. In somatic (non reproductive) cells, the new
cells are identical copies of the parent cells. This is achieved by a doubling of the chromosomes
prior to division. It is useful in the growth and repair of our bodies.
Zygote Correct Answer: the cell created by the union of a sperm and egg contains a full set of
chromosomes, half from each parent.
Meiosis Correct Answer: Another type of division takes place in the production of gametes. It
contains half of the normal number of chromosomes. It consists first of doubling of
chromosomes and then two subsequent divisions. Thus the products are four daughter cells, each
with half the normal number of chromosomes.
Muscle tissue Correct Answer: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
Epithelial tissue Correct Answer: skin, the lining of organs
Nervous tissue Correct Answer: neurons
Connective tissue Correct Answer: cartilage, blood, fat, bone
Organ Correct Answer: performs a specialized function in the body.
Organ system Correct Answer: made up of a number of organs working together to carry out a
major function.
Organism Correct Answer: the highest level of organization such as the human body
, Evolution Correct Answer: is a theory regarding the processes that have produced the biological
diversity we see today.
Natural selection Correct Answer: the process by which the traits that promote or enhance an
organism's ability to survive and reproduce are passed on to following generations.
Adaptation Correct Answer: For natural selection to occur, organisms must have variations,
some of which give the individuals having them an advantage in the struggle for survival. The
struggle for survival occurs because each generation of a species produces more offspring than
can survive. In this struggle, the individuals best suited to their environment survive ("survival of
the fittest") and pass on the traits to their offspring
Fossil record Correct Answer: consists of remnants or traces of organisms from past geologic
ages.
Vertebrates Correct Answer: animals with backbones
Biogeography Correct Answer: the geographical distribution of plants and animals
Comparative anatomy Correct Answer: the comparison of organisms' structures
Comparative embryology Correct Answer: the comparison of organisms' embryos
Molecular biology Correct Answer: biology at the molecular level
Taxonomy Correct Answer: the study of scientific classification. Species are grouped according
to their similarities and differences.
King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Kingdom Correct Answer: animal, plant, monera, protist, and fungi
Monera Correct Answer: Bacteria
Protist Correct Answer: Protozoa, algae, and some molds
Fungi Correct Answer: Molds, muchrooms, yeasts, and the like
Active transport Correct Answer: involves the use of energy in the form of ATP to move
substances across the membrane
Passive transport Correct Answer: does not require energy and makes use of didffusion and
filtration
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