Exam (elaborations)
Cell Biology Essay Questions & Answers
- Module
- Cell Biology
- Institution
- Imperial College London (ICL)
Derived from past exam papers
[Show more]
Content preview
Outline answers to a sample of previous ICB exam questionsNote: The supplied model answers are just that - model answers with almost all the relevant
taught material included. They are a optional tool for your revision and a guide for assessors
and external examiners. Under exam conditions you might not include all the material listed
or you might bring in other relevant points (practising timed essays will show how much
you’ll have time to include). For a high mark, we’ d expect a good proportion of the outlined
material to be present (as described in the assessment criteria) but you are very welcome to
include other material from other courses and your own study if it is relevant i.e. beyond
containing the key facts and principles, there is no one correct way to write these answer
essays.
Question 1: Compare and contrast the signal pathways that are used by growth
hormone and transforming growth factor-β to activate target gene transcription. Use
annotated diagrams to illustrate your answer.
Outline Answer
Growth hormone (a monomeric protein) binds to the growth hormone receptor, which does
not have intrinsic enzymatic activity, but is non-covalently associated with a receptor-
associated Janus kinase (JAK). Upon hormone binding, the receptor dimerises and the two
JAKs phosphorylate each other and tyrosine residues in the growth hormone receptor.
STATs (signal transducers and
activators of transcription) are
recruited to the phosphorylated
receptor by virtue of their
phosphotyrosine-binding SH2
domains and become themselves
phosphorylated by the JAKs. The
phosphorylated STATs dissociate
from the receptor, dimerise via
their SH2 domains, and
translocate to the nucleus, where
they collaborate with regulatory proteins to induce target gene transcription. Growth
hormone also activates other pathways, but they were not discussed in the lecture.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller christyau. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £15.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now