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Allergic Rhinitis Definition
inflammation of mucous membranes of the nose, eyes, eustachian tubes, middle ear, sinuses and pharynx
inflammation triggered by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated response to an external s...
Allergic rhinitis complications - Otitis media
ETD
sinusitis (acute and chronic)
impairment in quality of life
Allergic rhinitis pathophysiology - Sensitization: initial allergen exposure triggers IgE to
coat mast cells in nasal mucosa
Early response (minutes): with reexposure, specific protein binds to IgE on mast cells to
make immediate and delayed release of inflammatory mediators (histamines,
prostaglandins, leukotrienes)
Late Response (Hours/days): second release of inflammatory mediators (neutrophils,
eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages) continues inflammation and symptoms.
Allergic rhinitis common causes - Pollens
, outdoor molds
dust mites
Pets
occupational exposures
air pollution
Allergic rhinitis HPI - -Nature, duration and time course of symptoms
-environmental/occupational exposures
-mold/water damage in home
-identifying triggers/exposures
-response to past meds
-FH of atopic disorders
Allergic rhinitis exam - Eyes (allergic chiners)
Ears (air fluid levels)
Nose: allergic salute (transverse crease across bridge of nose d/t upward rubbing of the
nose)
Allergic rhinitis diagnosis - usually based on history and PE
Can do tests:
-Blood(CBC eosinophelia)
-Nasal smears
-allergy testing (skin, RAST)
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