Psychology essay plan tailored to suit the AQA A-level Specification A syllabus.
The essay plans are colour coded to make revision slightly more interesting.
The essay plans are broken down into A01 and A02 criteria.
The A02 criteria has been broken down into research, approach, issue/debate.
R...
RISK FACTORS IN ADDICTION
AGE
A01 - AO2 –
BROWN ET AL (1997) RESEARCH – Health Canada Youth
The influence of peers on Smoking Survey
smoking + drug use appears to POINT – supports the role of age in
addiction.
wane in later adolescence + the
EVIDENCE – involved over 50,000
role of a close friend (+ especially adolescents. Compared smokers who
romantic partners) becomes became dependent between 12-15 yrs
increasingly important as an with non-smokers. Found early onset
→
influence on attitudes + smokers were more likely to drink
behaviour, especially those that alcohol, binge drink + smoke cannabis.
are health-related. This implies adolescent cigarette
smoking is a gateway to facilitating
progression to other legal + illegal drug
use.
EXPLAIN – supports that at a young age
the ability to make decisions rationally is
inhibited so they are more likely to
become dependent because they don’t
consider the consequences.
EVALUATE – strength – large sample
STRESS
A01 – AO2 –
People report that they drink, RESEARCH – Driessen et al
smoke, use drugs, gamble etc. (2008)
as a means of coping with POINT – supports the
daily hassles (such as relationship between stress +
relationship, financial + work addiction.
problems). EVIDENCE – found that 30% of
This is in keeping with the self- drug addicts + 15% of alcoholics
medication model.
Such stressors may contribute
→ suffer from PTSD.
EXPLAIN – supports the idea that
to initiation + continuation of people exposed to severe stress
addictions, as well as to are more vulnerable to
relapse even after long addictions.
periods of abstinence. EVALUATE – weakness – difficult
People exposed to severe to establish whether it is a
stress are more vulnerable to correlation or causation
addictions. relationship – weakens research
support.
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