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TEST BANK
Campbell Biology in Focus, AP® Edition
Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky & Jane B. Reece
2nd Edition Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction Evolution and the Foundations of Biology 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 9
Chapter 3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 48
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell 80
Chapter 5 Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling 97
Chapter 6 An Introduction to Metabolism 120
Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 139
Chapter 8 Photosynthesis 163
Chapter 9 The Cell Cycle 181
Chapter 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 195
Chapter 11 Mendel and the Gene Idea 210
Chapter 12 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 227
Chapter 13 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 239
Chapter 14 Gene Expression From Gene to Protein 256
Chapter 15 Regulation of Gene Expression 278
Chapter 16 Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer 290
Chapter 17 Viruses 298
Chapter 18 Genomes and Their Evolution 308
Chapter 19 Descent with Modification 316
Chapter 20 Phylogeny 330
Chapter 21 The Evolution of Populations 348
Chapter 22 The Origin of Species 368
Chapter 23 Broad Patterns of Evolution 389
Chapter 24 Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes 402
Chapter 25 The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes 428
Chapter 26 The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi 446
Chapter 27 The Rise of Animal Diversity 480
Chapter 28 Plant Structure and Growth 504
Chapter 29 Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants 517
Chapter 30 Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants 540
Chapter 31 Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals 554
Chapter 32 Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling 570
Chapter 33 Animal Nutrition 598
Chapter 34 Circulation and Gas Exchange 614
Chapter 35 The Immune System 635
Chapter 36 Reproduction and Development 657
Chapter 37 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 683
Chapter 38 Nervous and Sensory Systems 702 https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuidesChapter 39 Motor Mechanisms and Behavior 726
Chapter 40 Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms 746
Chapter 41 Species Interactions 776
Chapter 42 Ecosystems and Energy 793
Chapter 43 Global Ecology and Conservation Biology 816 https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuidesChapter 1—Introduction: Evolution and the Foundatio ns of Biology MULTIPLE CHOICE 1) All of the individuals of the same species livi ng within a specified area is known as a A) community. B) ecosystem. C) family. D) population. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Organisms interact with their environments, exc hanging matter and energy. For example, plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight t o A) the energy of motion. B) carbon dioxide and water. C) chemical energy. D) oxygen. E) kinetic energy. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 3) The primary source of energy for producers in a n ecosystem is A) light energy. B) kinetic energy. C) thermal energy. D) chemical energy. E) ATP. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 4) All of the living things on Earth along with al l of the places where life exists is known as A) an ecosystem. B) the biosphere. C) a biological community. D) a population. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 5) All of the living things in a particular area a long with all of the nonliving aspects of the environment with which organisms interact is known as A) an ecosystem. B) the biosphere. C) a biological community. ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 2nd AP® Edition (Urry, 2017)
1 | P a g e https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuidesD) a population. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 6) All of the organisms inhabiting a particular ec osystem are known as A) a biological system. B) a biosphere. C) a biological community. D) a population. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 7) Which of the following types of cells lack a nu cleus? A) animal B) plant C) archaea D) fungi E) protists ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Application/Analysis 8) Investigating the molecular structure of DNA in order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance is an example of which approach utilize d in the study of biology? A) systems biology B) emergent properties C) reductionism D) mutualism ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Application/Analysis 9) Living things are divided into three different domains. Which of these domains are classified as prokaryotes? A) Bacteria and Eukarya B) Archaea and Monera C) Eukarya and Monera D) Bacteria and Protista E) Bacteria and Archaea ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 10) In her studies of chimpanzee behavior, Jane Go odall collected both qualitative and quantitative data. Which of the following is an exa mple of quantitative data? A) Chimpanzees typically travel together in small grou ps. B) Pairs of animals take turns grooming each other. ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 2nd AP® Edition (Urry, 2017)
2 | P a g e https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuidesC) Young chimpanzees play games in the trees and on th e ground. D) Mothers and their infants typically nap for two to three hours each afternoon. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Concept 1.3 MSC: Application/Analysis 11) A single-celled organism isolated from a deep- sea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most li kely a member of which of the following domains? A) Eukarya B) Archaea C) Animalia D) Protista E) Fungi ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Application/Analysis 12) Strong evidence in support of the common ances try of all life comes from A) the fact that decomposers include both bacteria and fungi. B) the ability of plants to convert light energ y to chemical energy. C) the existence of a nearly universal genetic code. D) the universal use of protein catalysts by all cells . ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Application/Analysis 13) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with mod ification" resulted when organisms of a particular species become adapted to their environm ent because they possess A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and decre ase their reproductive success in the local environment. B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment. C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and re productive success in the local environment. D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and de crease their reproductive success in the local environment. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 14) Which of these individuals is likely to be mos t successful in an evolutionary sense? A) a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill B) an organism that dies after five days of life but l eaves ten offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one of fspring D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two off spring, both of whom survive to reproduce E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces two o ffspring who live to ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 2nd AP® Edition (Urry, 2017)
3 | P a g e https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuidesreproduce ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Application/Analysis 15) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whal es shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that func tion as flippers. This change is best explained by A) an emergent property. B) reductionism. C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life. D) natural selection. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Application/Analysis 16) Which of the following was Charles Darwin's mo st significant original contribution to understanding both the unity and diversity of life? A) He documented examples of organisms that had evolve d over time. B) He proposed a mechanism to explain the process of e volution. C) He explained the relationship between genes and evo lution. D) He observed that individuals in a population genera lly displayed variation for a number of traits. E) He suggested that surviva l depends upon competition. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 17) Which of the following is a distinguishing cha racteristic of fungi? A) obtaining nutrients by absorbing them from the envi ronment B) obtaining nutrients by ingesting other organisms C) producing sugars by photosynthesis D) living in extreme environments like boiling hot spr ings ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 18) Which of the following correctly describes the forms by which energy flows through an ecosystem from entry to exit? A) heat chemical heat B) light heat chemical C) light chemical heat D) chemical heat light ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 2nd AP® Edition (Urry, 2017)
4 | P a g e https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides 19) Burning of fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO 2) into the atmosphere. Approximately what proportion of this CO 2 remains in the atmosphere, contributing to the trapping of heat close to the Earth's surface? A) less than 1% B) 5% C) 50% D) 90% ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 20) Membrane-enclosed components of cells that car ry out specialized functions are A) tissues. B) organs. C) organelles. D) molecules. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 21) Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of biological organization from large-scale to smaller scale? A) ecosystems biosphere communities populations organisms B) communities populations organisms ecosystems biosphere C) biosphere communities populations ecosystems organisms D) biosphere ecosystems communities populations organisms E) biosphere ecosystems populations communities organisms ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Concept 1.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 22) Darwin's finches, collected from the Galápagos Islands, illustrate which of the following? A) mutation frequency B) ancestors from different regions C) descent with modification D) the accuracy of the fossil record ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Concept 1.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 23) Imagine there is a species-specific fishing re gulation that mandates that only adult fish of this species that are 75 cm or longer may be kept; shorter fish must be released. Based on your knowledge of natural selection, you would pred ict that the average length of the adult fish population will A) remain unchanged. B) gradually decline. C) rapidly decline. D) gradually increase. ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 2nd AP® Edition (Urry, 2017)
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