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Qualitative Analysis Complete Summary
A summary of all the tests needed in A Level chemistry (the same across all exam boards). It includes tests, results and key equations.
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::::i::÷÷ : ÷ : :÷f÷: ÷:i÷:÷
EQUATION
FUNCTIONAL CHEMICAL
OBSERVATION 7 TEST
CROUPY
Add bromine water drop wise bromine water de colourises
ALKENE RCH = CHR t.BR → RCHBRCHBRR
from orange → colourless ,
&
add silver nitrate and ethanol chloro alkane → white precipitate
HA1 0AL KANE and warm to 50°C in a water ( soluble in dilute NH , can I R1H ,X t H 0 → RCH , OH + Htt X
-
,
bath
-
bromo alkane →
cream precipitate Agtlaqlt X law → AGX is )
( soluble in concentrated NH ,
lag ) )
iodoalkane →
yellow precipitate
linsolub.vn#tedNHaw)add2.4-dinitropnenyI hydrazine orange precipitate N1A
CARBONYL 11,4 -
DNP )
→Brady'sreag
Add Totten 's reagent and warm silver mirror RCHO t C03 → RCOOH
ALDEHYDE Agt Ag
-
↳ → Is )
Agnozcaq , + NA0H iaq) t
NH
, caq ,
t e .
↳
a solution of silver nitrate in
44,6-tribromopne
↳
for
: : :÷:i÷:
phenol vs carboxylic acid )
Br
.
add dilute nitric acid the lime water will turn cloudy 10s 'Iaq , + IH4A →
102cg) +
thou ,
'
CARBONATE produced
-
10 , test the gas with time 10,1g ) t CAIOHI
, iaq ) →
tacos is ) t
HL0N
wa
SULPHATES0y"addbarivmnitrateBaINOzI,whiteprecipitateu
Ba"caq)tS04"caq)→Baso
add aqueous sodium hydroxide the Iaqit
-
paper will turn blue NH4 OH can → NH
, cat + thou '
AMMONIUM N Hat and warm
test the gas with moist pH
indicatorpaper-TRANS.IT/ON add excess aqueous sodium CU
"
: blue solution → blue precipitate Cutting , +
I0H-1AQ, → cu IOHI , 1st
METAL IONS hydroxide insoluble in excess NA0H
" ' +
Fe Fe Fe IOH ) ,
-
:
pale green solution →
green p .
lag ) t I0H caq , → is )
"
but turns brown air as Fe
insoluble in excess NA0H , on
standing in
is oxidised to Fe
"
F1C 0HI , is ) → Fe 10 HI Is )
,
Fest pale yellow
:
s .
→
orange Ibrownp .
Fest cant 3 OH
-
can → Fe 10h13 1st
/
insoluble
for
in excess NA0H
" "
Mn Mn MN1 0HI , 111
light brown p 2 OH caq)
-
→
pale pinks lag )
/
:
.
→ . +
. ::::i:÷::::::i:÷:::÷÷::÷
the precipitate is soluble in excess NA0H a dark green solution
,
forming
? -
410 HI , ist [ CRCOH ) ,)
-
t 3 OH caq ) →
caq,
-
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