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Summary University Theories of Crime Lecture notes
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This document has all the information compiled about the criminology topic theories of crime. The structure is very easy to follow and the information has been condensed down so it is easy to use for coursework or to revise for exams with. All of this information has been compiled from Law with Cri...

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  • January 9, 2023
  • 38
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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THEORIES OF CRIME

What is Crime/Criminology?


WHAT WAS CRIMINOLOGY (PAST):
 Criminologists used to me medical doctors
 Criminologist – contemporary term
 Cesare Beccaria (1764) (jurist – law) (Italian) – Dei delitti e delle
pene [Of Crimes and Punishments]
o Moral responsibility
 Beccaria – trying to come up with a manifesto on how
we should determine whether or not someone should
be held/perceived responsible of something they have
done.
 Capability to understand the difference between right
and wrong.
 Consciousness – free will
 Unincumbered – not trapped
o Unincumbered choice – free choice
o Free choice has limits socially and legally
o Criminal responsibility
 Whether you could be held criminally responsible for
your actions
 Choose your actions – punishment is deserved
 Common law/legislation mitigate someone’s
responsibility
o Punishment should fit crime
 Mitigating factors that could limit someone’s ability to
choose their free will – substance abuse, mental illness
o Still structures criminal justice system of England and Wales
 Cesare Lombroso (1876) (Italian) – L’uomo delinquent [Criminal
Man], Turin: Boca

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