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Summary IB Chemistry Topic 4/14 Bonding
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Summary notes for IB chem topic 4/14
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handing☒AVI⑧ ☒⑥ INDIAN ⑧ electronegativity diff > 1.8
neutral lattice ( charge of ions
ions formed by gaining /losing e- forms
• •
=
lose e- cancel each other out)
0
cations = =
+ net
charge
to non metal atom
gain e- from
•
anions e- metal
net
charge goes
0 = = -
-
ionic bonds formed
•
noble most stable
by electrostatic attraction gas
• -
-
between
oppositely charged ions •
group 42,3 → charge It
, 2+131 -
metals nonmetals ( metal nonmetal ) 15 16,17 charges 3- 2- 1-
•
t
•
+
group →
-
-
= -
,
, , ,
•
group 11 losetgaine
-
can
•
Physical Properties
3D lattice higÉ#twrs ( higher charge
0 °
higher MP )
-
-
bothers lattice lot of
ealhion surrounded
by strong to break bonds
° -
energy
=
dut_nty
°
°
stable (t & -
together close )
0
usually solids -
Sid : not free to more Lions ) can't csndut
electricity
0
volatility -1K¥ =
ions free to more can conduct
electricity
solubility
0
tendency of substance to
vaporize
-
a
water /polar )
LOW
volatility/ non-volatile break molecules off lattice structure
-
can
-
=
ionic solute in polar solvents
-
=
exceptions)
"
n0tA#
"
-
like dissolves like (some
☒ 7- ☒ ☒⑧It *
formed by dutrostatic attraction between shared
positively
•
pair of e- I
charged nuclei
dative covalent bond -
-
one atom shares
•
2 elements / close elements in the bond Luther atom
☒ of the
same e-
• nonmetals doesn't )
affinity share
& can't
b thgth
• same donate
for e-
0
→
••"¥%¥!dsina.ze.pa.us
• -
length : distance between 2 nuclei
-
a -" mid
4 decreases attractive
as e- pair increase more
force
tuple share 3 e-
pairs ↳ increases )
-
=
down
group chigger atoms
to break bond
0
nonpolar ¥n= energy
-
across period more energy
→ e- shared ↳ increases as e-
pair increase to break
equally shovel
↳ decreases down
group /e- further from
nucleus )
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