The behaviourist approach to treating phobias notes, taken from the AQA textbook in relation to psychopathology in paper one of psychology, including evaluation
Based on classical conditioning , counter conditioning and
reciprocal inhabition
the therapy aeons to
gradually reduce anxiety through couniereonaitwriing :
Phobia Ccs) CCR)
'
is learned so that phobic stimulus
produces fear
'
CS with the CR
is
paired relaxation + this becomes new
Recoprical inhibition not
possible to be
affraid and relaxed at the same time so one emotion
prevents the other
-
.
,
Formation
of an anxiety hierarchy
client stimulus least
and
therapist design an anxiety hierarchy fearful arranged in order
from
to most
frightening
-
.
A
person with arachnophobia might identify seeing a
picture of a small
spider as low on their anxiety hierarchy and holding a
trantuea as the
genial item
Relaxation
practised at each level
of the
hierarchy
Person with relaxation techniques breathing anchor meditation
phobia is
first taught such as deep .
Person At stimulus relaxed state
then works
through the anxiety hierarchy -
each level the
person is
exposed to the phobic in a .
This takes several sessions starting the bottom the
hierarchy Treatment is
successful Menen the person can stay
place over at
of
-
relaxed in
high
-
anxiety situations .
Flooding
Immediate to
exposure the
phobic stimulus
Flooding involves exposing a
person with a
phobia with the
phobic object without a
gradual build-up .
A
person with arachnophobia relieving grooving treatment
may
have a
large spider crawl over their nana anti
they can
feel
relaxed
Very qick learning through extortion .
Without avoidance the exhaustion
the
option of ,
the
person quickly leans that the
phobic object is harmless
through of their
This is known extinction
fear response as
. .
Ethical
safeguards
Flooding isn't unethical but it is an unpleasant experience so its
important that
people being treated
give informed consent .
They must be
fully prepared t know what to
expect
.
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