Summary
Summary iGCSE Physics Pearson Edexcel Topic 5 Solids Liquids and Gases Complete Notes
iGCSE Physics Pearson Edexcel Topic 5 Solids Liquids and Gases Complete Notes
[Show more]
Content preview
IGCSE PHYSICS – TOPIC 5SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES
a) DENSITY AND PRESSURE
DENSITY:
• DENSITY – the mass per unit volume of a material
o Objects made from low density materials, typically have a low
mass, whilst similar sized objects made from high density materials
have a high mass:
Density (g/cm3 or kg/m3) = Mass/ Volume
ρ = m/V
PRACTICAL TO INVESTIGATE: the density of regular
or irregular shaped objects
Method (REGULAR):
• The width and length or an object can be
measure using digital calipers
• Several measurements to be taken and
average calculated
• Calculate the volume
• Measure the mass using a balance
• Use equation ρ = m/V to find the density
PRACTICAL TO INVESTIGATE: the density of regular
or irregular shaped objects
Method (IRREGULAR):
• Fill a Eureka can with water
• Place an empty measuring cylinder below it’s
spout
• Now carefully lower the object into a Eureka
can (using a piece of string)
• Measure the volume of water displace water
(the volume of the object) and use equation
30
, PRESSURE:
• PRESSURE – the concentration of a force
o If a force is spread over a large area there will be a smaller
pressure, but if there is a force over a small area there will be a
bigger pressure
Pressure (N/cm2 or N/m2 or Pa) = Force/ Area
P = F/A
• When an object is immersed in a liquid, the liquid exert a pressure,
squeezing the object
• The pressure is exerted EVENLY ACROSS THE WHOLE SURFACE AREA
of the liquid, IN ALL DIRECTIONS:
Pressure (N/cm2 or N/m2 or Pa) = Height x Density x Gravitational Field
Strength
P=hxρxg
b) CHANGE OF STATE
• The molecules within a substance have two 2 types of energy –
KINETIC ENERGY (vibration) and POTENTIAL ENERGY (bonds between
molecules) – these make up THERMAL ENERGY of that substance –
when heated kinetic energy INCREASES
• The TEMPERATURE OF THE MATERIAL is related to the KINETIC
ENERGY of the molecules
• When the substance reaches a specific temperature, the kinetic
energy will stop increasing and the heat will go to POTENTIAL ENERGY
and the bonds will BE BROKEN and the material CHANGES STATE
31
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller anish24shah. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78252 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now