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COGNITION MEMORY
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WEEK 5: MEMORY18 October 2022 23:11
VIDEO 2 BADDELEY AND HITCH´S MODEL OF WORKING MEMORY (1974+)
MULTI STORE MODEL OF MEMORY
Different kinds of remembering
• Episodic memory – events happened everyday life
• SEMANTIC – general knowledge
= DECLARATIVE MEMEORY
• PROCEDURAL – skills
= nON- DECLARATIVE
• Sensory
• Short term
EPISODIC BUFFER
Atkinson & Shriffrin (1968) multi-store model
EVIDENCE FOR SENSORY STORE: Explains how long-term memory can influence processing in STM
Iconic memory • LIMITED CAPACITY SYSTEMS: four chunks of information
• Integrates information from various sources
• Acts as intermediary between phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad
VISUO-SPATIAL SKETCHPAD
• Temporary storage storage of spatial and visual information
VISUAL CACHE – stores information about visual form and color
INNER SCRIBE
• processes spatial + movement information
• Involved rehearsal of info in visual cache
• Transfers information from cache to central executive
When you wait, then you remember less! TESTING VISUOSPATIAL SKETCHPAD:
MULTI-STORE MODEL OF MEMORY COMPONENTS
SENSORY STORES ARE MODALITY SPECIFIC:
• Iconic (visual) - decay 0.5 sec
• Echoic (auditory) - decay 2 to 4 sec
SHORT-TERM MEMOERY
• Digit span of approximately 7+/-2 items or 4 "chunks"
• Information is lost through displacements
EVIDENCE FOR SPERATE SHORT- AND LONG TERM STORES:
• Capacity
• Serial position effect
• Mechanisms of forgetting Asked to recall digits in 3 different format
• Effects of brain damage Verbal task!
Capacity differences
• STS has limited storage capacity
• LTS has v. large capacity
2nd evidence: SERIAL POSITION EFFECT (Postman & Phillips, 1965)
Notes Page 1
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