Assignment 2: Application
achieves P2, p3, M2 and d1
Task 1 (P2) – Explain different psychological approaches to health practice.
Task 3 (M2) Compare two psychological approaches to health and social care provision.
Task 4 (D1) Evaluate two psychological approaches to health and social care ser...
Unit 8 Psychological Perspectives in Health and Social Care
Behaviourist perspective:
Example 1
We can use the method classical conditioning in different situations in our daily lifestyles. For
example classical conditioning can be used as a method to change phobic behaviour in different
health and social care settings. This method can be used in therapy’s or health organisations to
treat certain individuals who fear certain objects or situations which is know as ‘systematic
desensitisation’. For example if the fear is hospitals and colour red.
The classical conditioning will be used in this situation to help the person be calm and relax and
go to the hospital without panicking. So the aim is to replace the anxiety and fear and make the
individual calm and relaxed. So to do this a picture of the feared place which is the hospital
room or red is shown to the individual and they are encouraged to be calm and not panicky and
relax. This is done until the individual is able to see the picture without panicking or being
scared of hospitals. This method of classical conditioning is done repeatedly to get the
individual to the stage where they don’t fear the hospital or colour red no more. When
individual overcomes the fear they can go to the hospital without being scared or anxious. With
some treatments, the patient is encouraged to practice some of the lower level fear inducing
situations.
Example 2
The method of classical conditioning can be also used to treat alcoholism an example of this is
an individual who is addicted to alcohol and is in session. The person will be given a drug that is
also mixed with alcohol and then this leads to extremely not so pleasant effects such as
vomiting or nausea the person will then stop drinking to stop feeling like sick and nausea. Then
this person learns not to drink alcohol as it caused avoidance of the behaviour by using an
unpleasant stimulus rather than the desired response they used to drink alcohol for.
Example 3
Classical conditioning can also be used to shape a child’s behaviour in a health and social care
setting such as a primary school by shaping, the teachers can help kids learn new good
behaviours. By shaping a child’s behaviour teachers can reinforce them to do good behaviour.
An example of this is, if the children’s never cleans up after using objects then use classical
conditioning such as reinforce them so every time they complete tidying up after themselves
the teacher would then give them a sticker for good behaviour. By doing this then the kids will
carrying on doing this behaviour so they can get a sticker for it so their behaviour is reinforced.
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