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Full Summary of Tudor Foreign Policy from
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Henry VIIObjectives
● National Security - prevention of armed conflict (as far as possible)
● Recognition and succession of the Tudor Dynasty
● Security of international trade interests
Brittany and France
● First of political endeavours
● Brittany small state that france controlled
● 1487 french invaded brittany
● 1489 henry summoned parliament to request extraordinary revenue to pay for an
army to land in brittany against the french
● He intervened as he felt and obligation to the breton and he feared the French control
over areas of europe which could threat/reach england
● 1489 - England and Brittany concluded the treaty of redon. Brittany pays england to
defend them
● Anne of Brittany had surrendered and reluctantly married Charles VIII of France.
● In order to re-establish his position on the continent, henry launched an invasion of
France in 1492 which led to france seeking a peace settlement
● Henry used this to sign the treaty of Etaples in November 1492. In this Treaty:
● Charles had to withdraw support for PW
● Pay a pension to Henry
● Pay for compensation for the english army
Burgundy and the Netherlands
● Relates to exports and the facilitation of international trade
● Majority of English trade went through the netherlands
● Trade was important to maintain peaceful relation
● However sister of Edward IV and Richard III was Margaret of Burgundy
● She was not a fan of Henry VII
● Margaret enlisted the help of Maximiallian of HRE in 1493.
● Henry made the decision to place a trade embargo on Burgundy.
● Things made worse whe PW tried to gain support in Burgundy.
● Trade embargo came to and end in 1496 with the Intercursus Magnus
● After this there was a new treaty (treaty of windsor) Intercursus Malus.
Spain
● Most important foreign policy move was signing of Medina Del Campo
● Allowed for two countries to support each other in conflict
● Both agreed not to harbour rebels or pretenders to the throne
● Marriage between arthur and catherine
● Achieved henry's aims
● Issues implementing Treaty of MDC
● Argued over size of dowry
● Arthur died
, Scotland
● Relation with scotland went back and forth during reign of Henry VII
● Began cordial
● Then James IV gave Perkin Warbeck Refuge
● He remained in scotland for two years
● James IV encouraged him to enter england with a small scottish force in 1496
● Was Unsuccessful
● After cornish rebellion - treaty of Ayton
● Post 1498 - relations were positive
● James IV revoked support for Perkin Warbeck.
Henry VIII - Diplomatic triumphs
Success in early part of his reign
● 1518 treaty of london
● Treaty was a diplomatic success as it established a non aggression pact between the
main European powers. France, spain, burgundy, HRE
● 1520 Field of the Cloth of Gold
● Summit between Henry VIII and Francis I
● Expensive affair, showed wealth of representative monarchs
Relations with Spain
● Very little in terms of diplomatic relations
● Initially enjoyed close relations due to marriage with Catherine of Aragon
● Relations were close enough for spain to support england against france in 1512-13
● Relations began to cool when spain failed to support england in the disastrous
campaign in gascony
● Relations were somewhat sour
● Things made worse by the Divorce between catherine of Aragon and Henry VIII
● The relationship never truly improved. Never as close as it was during the treaty of
Medina Del Campo
Relations with Scotland
● Began poorly as James IV of Scotland allied himself with France
● Scotland tried to invade england. As a result we have the battle of Flodden
● James IV killed.
● James V successor - Infant
● His mum, (Henry's Sister) queen Margaret was appointed as regent. Bringing peace
between the two nations.
● Peace lasted nearly 30 years until 1542 and the battle of Solway Moss
● In 1544 more conflict broke out but this was short lived.
Relations with France
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