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Summary Unit 3.2.3 - Group 7(17), the halogens £7.49
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Summary Unit 3.2.3 - Group 7(17), the halogens

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Detailed notes on the AQA A level chemistry topic, group 7 the halogens. Properties of group 7 elements discussed in detail e.g. boiling points, electronegativity and displacement reactions.

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  • March 23, 2023
  • 3
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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GROUP 7 - halogens
TO KNOW BY HEART:

Fluorine - F2 → pale yellow gas

Chlorine - Cl2 → pale green gas

Bromine - Br2 → brown/orange liquid

Iodine - I2 → grey solid

BOILING POINTS:

Increases as we go down the group.

Van der Waals forces increase due to the increasing size and relative mass of
the atoms.

Physical state goes from gas at the top of group 7 to solid at the bottom.

ELECTRONEGATIVITY:

Decreases as we go down the group.

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a
covalent bond.

The atoms get larger and the distance between the positive nucleus and
bonding electrons increases. (also more shielding).

DISPLACEMENT REACTIONS:

More reactive halogens will displace less reactive halide ions.

Reactivity decreases as you go down the group → for a reaction of occurring an
electron is gained → atoms with a smaller radius attract electrons better than
larger atoms.

Halogens are less oxidising as we go down the group → we can show this by
reacting halogens with halide ions.


GROUP 7 - halogens 1

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