100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Summary Unit 3.2.1 - Periodicity £5.99   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. AQA
  4.  
  5. A Level Chemistry
  6.  
  7. Unit 3.2.1 - Periodicity

Summary

Summary Unit 3.2.1 - Periodicity

 4 views  0 purchase
  • Institution
  • AQA

Detailed notes on the AQA A level chemistry topic, periodicity. Goes into details about the properties of period 3 elements. Atomic radius, melting points and dips in ionisation energy.

Preview 1 out of 2  pages

Document information

  • March 23, 2023
  • 2
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

Written for

All documents for this subject (25)

Seller

avatar-seller
shyamalibuddhdev

Content preview

periodicity
atomic radius decreases as you go across a period (period 3)

More protons so they pull the atom closer together

Attraction is stronger

Nuclear charge increases - more protons

Outer electrons are in the same shell

Same shielding

atomic radius increases down groups

extra electron shells were added for each element down the group.

melting points (period 3)

generally increases → metal ions have an increasing positive charge,
increasing number of delocalised electrons and smaller atomic radius →
stronger metallic bond

The First 3 elements in period 3 (Na, Mg, Al) have metallic bonding

Silicon has the highest melting point in p3 → it has a giant covalent
(macromolecular) structure → many strong covalent bonds hold the silicon
atoms together → a large amount of energy is needed to overcome these
strong covalent bonds.

dips in ionisation energy

The first dip between Mg and Al because the outer electrons of Mg are in the 3s
orbital whereas Al's outer electron is in the 3p orbital. The 3p electron has more
energy than the 3s electron, so the ionisation energy of Al is less Mg → s orbital
is closer to the nucleus.

In sulfur, the 4 electrons in the 3p level, are all paired. While in phosphorus,
there are 2 paired electrons and one lone electron in the 3p orbital. 1st
ionisation energy for sulfur will be slightly lower than that of phosphorus, due to
the paired electrons in its 3p sub-level.




periodicity 1

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller shyamalibuddhdev. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for £5.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now

Start selling
£5.99
  • (0)
  Add to cart