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Summary Unit 3.2.2 - Group 2, the alkaline earth metals £6.99
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Summary Unit 3.2.2 - Group 2, the alkaline earth metals

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Detailed notes on the AQA A level chemistry topic, Group 2, the alkaline earth metals. The properties of group 2 elements are discussed, e.g. atomic radius, 1st ionisation energies, melting points, reactions with water, solubility and barium meals are discussed.

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  • March 23, 2023
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  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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GROUP 2
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Atomic Radius

Group 2 elements form +2 ions when they react.

Group 2 elements lose 2 electrons to form +2 ions. All group 2 metals have
electronic configurations that end in s2

Extra shells added as we go down group 2

Atomic radius increases as we go down group 2.

1st ionisation energy

1st ionisation energy decreases as you go down group 2.

Extra shells added as we go down group 2.

The outer electrons are also further from the nucleus which weakens the
attraction

There is more shielding hence weaker attraction between the nucleus and outer
electrons.

Both of these make it easier to remove the outer electron and so less energy is
needed to remove the electrons.

There isn't an increase in the number of protons as we go down the group.
However, the shielding effect overrides an increase in positive charge.

Melting points

Generally, decrease

Group 2 elements form metallic structures where you have positive metal ions
attracted to a delocalised negative sea of electrons

Larger ions mean the distance between the positive nuclei in metal ions and
delocalised electrons is greater. This weakens the attractive force.




GROUP 2 1

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