Lecture notes
Renal anatomy + histology
- Module
- Renal
- Institution
- University Of Southampton (UOS)
A summary of kidney and bladder anatomy including embryology and diagrams
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Kidneys develop from intermediate mesoderm: 1 Minor.
calyce
Kidneys responsible for:
2- Maior
angle
- Pronephros begins to develop in week 4 (transient)
3. Renal
papilla
"
4- Renal sinus
2 3
✗
- Mesonephros forms functional nephrons (6-10 weeks) ʳʰm
- Metanephros is permanent kidney Fibrous capsule protects
- Water and electrolyte balance
kidney and helps maintain
A bifid ureter is caused by early HS pressure Peristaltic contractions propel urine
Development of metanephros division of the ureteric bud outside
- Filtering blood plasma
°☒÷÷:÷:÷ the metanephric blastema
⑨
.
- Producing active substances e.g. renin
②
q⑤- major calyces
µg① Horse shoe kidney: when the lower poles
③ minor calyces
collecting of the kidney fuse
④
Mg⑥-
ducts
Renal fascia
Perinephric fat
Renal
Bladder innervated by ANS by vesical plexus: Paranephric fat
- DNS pelvis splanchnic nerves (52-54) cause
contraction of detrusor muscle
- SNS hypogastric nerves (T10 - L2) cause contraction
[
of internal urethral sphinchter (prevents reflux of
semen into bladder)
Anatomy
coeliac
trunk
Bladder trabeculation can be
caused by enlarged prostate or - Renal plexus derived from
coeliac and aorticorenal plexuses superior
calculi mesenteric
any
Urinary bladder:
- Muscular sac which temporarily stores urine
- Posterior to pubic symphysis ↳ Parasympathetic
- Its smooth muscle is known as detrusor muscle innervation
inferior
mesenteric
artery
Ureters enter bladder obliquely so when
detrusor muscle contracts ureters are
compressed to prevent urine backflow
)
( ureter ic orifices
rogue
lnfero posterior
surface AKA fundus
1-10-12/23
Left renal vein longer than right because IVC
Urethra - transports urine (and semen)
- Shorter in women than in men (UTI closer to right kidney than left
more likely)
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