In-depth, detailed notes on Unit 4 of Introduction to Music History -- the Romantic Era. Topics covered are: overview of the Era, Romantic artists, Romantic style, Beethoven and the Fifth Symphony, Lieder, women in music during the 18th century -- Fanny Hensel and Clara Schumann, Hector Berlioz an...
Unit 4 - Romantic
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Unit 4 - Romantic
Romantic Era
Entering the Romantic Era
Break from Enlightenment ideas
passionate, individual expression; began with Beethoven
outgrowth of the French Revolution (1789-1799)
Industrial Revolution (1760-1840)
brought people to cities
increasingly democratic character
“Liberty , Equality , Fraternity” inspired artists
Romantic Artists
rebelled against conventional concerns
drawn to passion
intense, individual, emotional expression emphasized
revolt against Classical formalism Unit 4 - Romantic
2Romantic Themes
conflict between individual and society
glamorization of the past “strangeness and wonder ,” supernatural
longing for far -off lands
profound meditations on life and death
Romantic Music
new drama to music
developed musical vocabulary; highly expressive terms (dolcee, cantabile, dolente, maestoso, giocoso, con amore)
expanded dynamic range
rising tide of nationalism
diversity of nationalistic expressions
increased use of folk songs, dances
exoticism: faraway lands as inspiration, inspiration from other than artists’ homeland
Music in Society
venues: public concert halls, aristocratic salons
musicians supported by new middle class
solo performers: “stars” idolized by the public
women in music
a few overcame social stereotypes
successful composers: Clara Schumann, Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel
Romantic Style List
sweeping, dramatic, grand, expressive
dynamics swell and overlap; greater dynamic range and contrast
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