BIOL 235 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE (REVISED).
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Module
BIOL 235 (BIOL235)
Institution
Athabasca University (AU
)
BIOL 235 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE (REVISED).
Chapter 1
An Introduction to the Human Body
Objectives
After completing this chapter, you should be able to
1. define the terms anatomy and physiology.
2. define the following levels of structural organization: chemical,
cellular, ...
biol 235 human anatomy and physiology study guide revised
biol 235 human anatomy and physiology study guide
biol 235 human anatomy and physiology revised
biol 235 human anatomy and physiology
bi
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Athabasca University (AU
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BIOL 235 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
BIOL 235 (BIOL235)
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BIOL 235 HUMAN ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE (REVISED).
Chapter 1
An Introduction to the Human Body
Objectives
After completing this chapter, you should be able to
1. define the terms anatomy and physiology.
2. define the following levels of structural organization: chemical,
cellular, tissue, organ, system and organism.
3. identify the 11 systems of the human body, list
representative organs of each system, and describe the major
functions of each system.
4. identify the basic life processes of the human body.
5. define the term homeostasis, and explain the effects of stress
on homeostasis.
6. describe the components of a feedback system.
7. compare the operation of negative and positive feedback systems.
8. explain the relationship between homeostasis and disease.
9. describe the anatomical position, and compare common and
anatomical terms used to describe various regions of the
human body.
10. define the terms describing directions and anatomical planes
used in association with the human body.
11. list, by name and location, the principal body cavities and the
organs contained within them.
Keywords and Topics
,Make certain that you can define, and use in context, each of the
terms listed below, and that you understand the significance of each of
the concepts.
1. Define the terms anatomy and physiology.
A. anatomy
B. dissection
C. physiology
2. Define the following levels of structural organization: chemical,
cellular, tissue, organ, system, and organism.
A. chemical level
I. atom
II. molecule
B. cellular level
I. cell
C. tissue level
I. tissue
D. organ level
I. organ
E. system level
I. system
F. organismal level
I. organism
3. Identify the 11 systems of the human body, list
representative organs of each system, and describe the major
functions of each system.
A. systems: integumentary; skeletal; muscular; nervous;
endocrine; cardiovascular; lymphatic; respiratory;
digestive; urinary; reproductive
Note: Learn the major components and functions for each system.
4. Define the basic life processes of the human body.
A. metabolism
I. catabolism
, II. anabolism
B. responsiveness
C. movement
, D. growth
E. differentiation
I. stem cells
F. reproduction
G. autopsy
I. necropsy
5. Define the term homeostasis, and explain the effects of stress
on homeostasis.
A. homeostasis
B. body fluids
I. intracellular fluid (ICF)
II. extracellular fluid (ECF)
a. interstitial fluid = internal environment
b. blood plasma
c. lymph
d. cerebrospinal fluid
e. synovial fluid
f. aqueous humor
g. vitreous body
6. Describe the components of a feedback system.
A. control of homeostasis; nerve impulses and hormones
B. feedback system (feedback loop); controlled
condition; stimulus
C. receptor; afferent pathway; input
D. control center; output; efferent pathway
E. effector; response
7. Compare the operation of negative and positive feedback systems.
A. negative feedback systems; baroreceptors
B. positive feedback systems
8. Explain the relationship between homeostasis and disease.
A. disorder
B. disease
C. symptoms
D. signs
E. diagnosis
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