This document is a summary of the Henry VIII section of the AQA Tudors course (). It contains detailed notes on all aspects of Henry VIII's reign and was compiled during my study of A-Level History using class work, revision and additional research. These notes contain the detailed specific knowled...
Henry viii Consolidation of power–
- Henry was second choice for king after arthur who died 1502– so no training
- First heir of both york and lancaster. Very popular
- More describes ascension as ‘the end of sadness and the beginning of joy’
- Inherited £300,000 pounds
- Conciliar government
- Henry abolished the council learned in 1510 due t its unpopularity cancelling
175 bonds
- Empson and dudley executed
- Henry marries arthur’s widow catherine of aragon 1509 before he is
coronated– stability
Henry viii Wives–
- CATHOLIC: CATHARINE OF ARAGON 1509-1533.
- Gave birth to Mary and no male heir.
- Helped win at flodden
- Aunt of holy roman emperor charles v
- Banished in 1531
- MORE PROTESTANT: ANNE BOLEYN 1533-1536
- Henry secretly married her in 1532– causes break from rome
- Gives birth to elizabeth in 1533
- Had three miscarriages
- Accused of incestuous adultery and executed in 1536
- RELATIVELY MODERATE: JANE SEYMOUR 1536-1537
- Brought mary and elizabeth back to court
- Gave birth to edward 1537 and died 12 days later
- Buried alongside henry– macCulloch says this is because she died before
henry could dislike her
- PROTESTANT BIG: ANNE OF CLEVES JANUARY-JULY 1640
- Marriage secured entry to the schmalkaldic league due to fear of catholic
invasion
- Sought out by cromwell and made out to be much more attractive than she
was
- Henry called her his flanders mare
- Annulled in July 1540.
- Cromwell executed
- CATHOLIC: CATHARINE HOWARD 1540-1541
- Niece of the duke of norfolk. Howards were very powerful
- She was 15 and henry was 48
- Was allegedly adulterous– protestant plot perhaps– and was executed 14541
- BIGG PROTESTANT: CATHARINE PARR 1543-1547
- Marriage of convenience as henry wanted another male heir
, - She hated the pope and published two reformist books
- Oversaw the protestant education of elizabeth and edward and was close
friends with mary
- 1543 has a hand in creating the succession act to include elizabeth and mary
Henry viii Government–
- Henry was extremely aloof and impulsive
- He was also extremely intelligent
- After orchestrating a successful invasion of France for Henry in 1513, Thomas
Wolsey was put in charge of government.
- This alienated the nobles
- Henry viii THOMAS WOLSEY
● In power from 1514-1529
● Son of an ipswich butcher
● Oxford education
● Patronised by foxe
● Wanted to create an epicentre of control
● 1517 minions entrenched at court
● 1518 wolsey puts Pace in court to observe them
● 1518 minions expelled
● 1520 minions recalled as gentlemen of the privy chamber
● 1516 new law of the star chamber placed earl of northumberland in
prison as an example to unruly nobles
● Use of star chamber from 12 cases per annum to 120
● Duke of buckingham– relative of the king– investigated on a rumour of
saying henry ‘might not be king for long’ and executed 1521 to send a
message of power
● Only ever called 2 parliaments 1515 1523
● 1525 amicable grant fiasco
● 1526 eltham ordinances regulate privy chamber finance reduce
minions control
● Compton replaced by norris as groom of the stool
● 1522 national economic survey raised £200,000 required a further
£300,000 from parliament and £250,000 church tax to fund wars
● Made the court of chancery more accessible to the poor and made
common law take precedence over civil law 264 landowners
prosecuted.
● Chief minister and lord chancellor
● 1515 appointed as papal legate
● 1524 made legatus a lactere
● Huge anti-clericalism under wolsey
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