Lecture notes
A-Level Geography Changing places notes
- Module
- Changing Places (AQA)
- Institution
- AQA
A-Level AQA Geography Changing places notes from an A-level A-grade student.
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Distinguish between location, locale, and sense of place. (4 marks)Location refers to the physical geography and position of the place in comparison to its
surroundings. For example, the elevation of the land or the position within its country.
Locale on the other hand refers to the local events or the place’s position within the local
community and surroundings that shape its character. Finally, a sense of place refers to the
character and exogenous and endogenous factors that influence the presentation of a place,
for example, the demographics or architecture in a place.
What is meant by the term ‘palimpsest’ and explain how it develops. (4 marks)
Palimpsest refers to a place or landscape in which something new is superimposed over
traces of something preceding it. An example of this can be seen in Cryospheric change as
glaciers shape the landscape to form U-shaped valleys and then melt to form Fjords, this is
an example that shows how a landscape has been altered and then altered again to form
new landscape features.
Analyse the factors that have led to the increased economic, political, and social
interdependence seen in the contemporary world. (6 marks)
One factor that has led to the economic interdependence within the contemporary world
can be seen in TNCs. TNCs operate on a global scale with operations and store branches
found in multiple countries world-wide. The nature of TNCs mean that they rely on the
interdependence of countries to function. For example, most TNCs operate their
manufacturing in LIC countries where labour is cheap and environmental laws are less
concrete allowing them to exploit natural resources and the working population to
manufacture goods. These manufactured goods are then transported through
containerisation or air travel to HICs where they are sold at a higher price.
This economic interdependence however has led to another factor of interdependence
which can be seen in Climate Change. Climate change has become a global issue that has
involved governments to form alliances and promises to help reduce the effect of climate
change on earth. One way in which economic globalisation has impacted climate change can
be seen through transportation such as air travel. Air travel by nature is interdependent as it
connects countries through transportation. The CO2 levels produced by air travel, however,
has resulted in an enhanced greenhouse effect. This enhanced greenhouse effect is the
result of the trade and economic interdependence of countries and thus needs to be
managed through political interdependence. An example of this political interdependence
can be seen in Global Governance organisations such as the UN in which the leaders of
countries work together to tackle global threats and issues, one of which is climate change.
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